Uphi ikhofi ekuqaleni?
Ngokwemvelo, ikhofi yingxenye enkulu yomlando waseTopiya neYemenite. Lokhu kubaluleka kwamasiko kubuyela emuva eminyakeni engamakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye nambili edlule, okuyilapho lapho ikhofi yayikuthi (noma ayengazange) itholakale e-Yemen (noma e-Ethiopia ... kuye ngokuthi ubani oyicelayo).
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikhofi isetshenziswa okokuqala e-Ethiopia noma e-Yemen kuyisihloko sokuphikisana futhi izwe ngalinye linamanga, izinkolelo namaqiniso alo.
I-Ethiopian's Coffee Origin Myth
I-legend ethandwa kakhulu yekhofi e-Ethiopia ngokuvamile ihamba into enjengale:
U-Kaldi, umbuzi wase-Abyssinian owayevela eKaffa, wayehola izimbuzi zakhe endaweni yezintaba eduze nendlu yezindela. Waqaphela ukuthi babeziphatha kabi ngalolo suku, futhi base beqala ukuzulazula ngenjabulo, bekhala ngokuzwakalayo, futhi badansa ngemilenze yabo yangemuva.
Wathola ukuthi umthombo wenjabulo wawuyi- shrub encane (noma, kwezinye izinganekwane, amaqoqo amancane amahlumela) anezimbali ezibomvu ezikhanyayo. Ilukuluku lwabamba futhi wazama amajikijolo.
Njengezimbuzi zakhe, uKaldi wazizwa umphumela okhuthazayo we-cherry ikhofi. Ngemva kokugcwalisa izikhumba zakhe namajikijolo abomvu, wagijimela ekhaya waya kumkakhe, futhi wameluleka ukuba aye esitokisini esiseduzane ukuze abelane ngalezi "zulwini ezithunyelwe" amajikijolo nama-monks.
Lapho befika endaweni yezindela, ubhontshisi bekhofi kaKaldi abazange bakhonjiswe nge-elation, kodwa ngokungafuni. Omunye u-monk wabiza ngokuthi uKaldi wayewuzuzisa "umsebenzi kaDeveli" futhi wawuphonsa emlilweni.
Kodwa-ke, ngokusho komlando, iphunga lamabhontshisi okugcoba kwakwanele ukwenza lezi zindela zinike le ntsha ithuba lokubili. Basusa ikhofi emlilweni, bawachoboza ukuba baqede izibhamu ezivuthayo futhi bawahlanganise ngamanzi ashisayo e-ewer ukuze bawagcine.
Wonke amakholi e-monastery azwa iphunga lekhofi futhi eze ukuzama.
Njengamakhompeli aseBhaydani aseChina naseJapan aphuza itiye , athole ukuthi imiphumela yokuphuza ikhofi yayizuzisa ekugcineni bahlale bephapheme ngesikhathi sokuthandaza kwabo nokukhulekela okungcwele. Bathembisa ukuthi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi bezophuza lesi siphuzo esisha nsuku zonke njengesizo ekukhulekeleni kwabo enkolo.
Kodwa-ke, le ndaba ayizange ibhalwe phansi kuze kube ngo-AD 1671. Ngokuvamile kubhekwa ukuthi ayikho i-apocryphe kunokuba umlando weqiniso wemvelaphi yekhofi.
I-Yemen ye-Coffee Origin Myths
Ngokufanayo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zekhofi ezenzelwe ikhofi.
- Omunye ubonisa ukutholakala kwekhofi ku-Yemenite Sufi mystic Ghothul Akbar Nooruddin Abu al-Hasan al-Shadhili.
- Omunye uthi ikhofi 'itholakale' ngumfundi kaShekina Abou'l Hasan Schadheli, uSheikh Omar, owayehlala njengenqamuzana eMocha, eYemen.
Umlando wokuqala (okuyisisekelo esiyisisekelo ngokuqhathanisa nenganekwane kaKaldi) ulandisa umvelaphi wekhofi kanje:
U-Al-Shadhili wayehamba e-Ethiopia, mhlawumbe ezintweni ezingokomoya. Wahlangana nezinyoni ezinamandla kakhulu ezazisidla isithelo se- bunn plant (esaziwa kwenye indawo ngokuthi isitshalo sekhofi). Njengoba edinwe ohambweni lwakhe, wanquma ukuzama lezi zithelo amajikijolo futhi wathola ukuthi nazo zenza isimo esinamandla kuye.
Le nkolelo iyathakazelisa ngokuthi igcinwe e-Yemen, kodwa ibonisa ukuthi imvelaphi yekhofi eya e-Ethiopia.
Owesibini ikhofi yenkolelo evela e-Yemen ithi ikhofi ivela e-Yemen. Indaba ihamba kanje:
USheikh Omar, udokotela-umpristi nomlandeli kaSheik Abou'l Hasan Schadheli waseMocha, Yemen, bathunyelwa emgodini ogwadule eduze nentaba yase-Ousab.
Ngokomunye umbhalo wezinganekwane, lokhu ukuthunjwa kwakungenxa yokweqa okuthile kokuziphatha. Ngokwezinye izinguqulo, u-Omar wathunyelwa ejele ngenxa yokuthi wayesebenzisa imithi endodaneni esikhundleni senkosi yakhe (owayephethwe phansi). Ngemva kokuphilisa, wanquma "ukuqhubeka" naye (ukuhumusha lokho njengoba ufisa.). Wathunjwa inkosi njengesijeziso.
Ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile sokuthunjwa futhi ekupheleni kwendlala, u-Omar wathola amajikijolo abomvu wesitshalo sekhofi wazama ukuwadla.
Ngokomunye umbhalo wendaba, inyoni yamlethela i-cherry ekhiqiza ikhofi ngemuva kokumemeza ngethemba lokuthola isiqondiso esivela enkosini yakhe, eSchadheli.
Kodwa-ke, wabathola ukuthi babenomunyu kakhulu ukuze badle okuluhlaza, ngakho waphonsa amajikijolo emlilweni, enethemba lokususa intukuthelo yabo. Lezi zindlela eziyisisekelo 'zokugaya' zaqina amajikijolo emlilweni. Babengakufaneleki ukuhlafuna, ngakho-ke u-Omar wabilisa ukuba azame ukunciphisa.
Njengoba bebilisa, wabona ukuthi iphunga elimnandi lamanzi anesibhakabhaka futhi wanquma ukuphuza le decoction kunokuba adle ubhontshisi. Wathola ukuthi lesi siphuzo sizovuselela futhi sabelane ngendaba yakhe nabanye.
Ngenye inguqulo yendaba, u-Omar wathola ubhontshisi obomvu ukuba abe mnandi futhi wanquma ukuba abe yisobho. Lapho izithelo zekhofi ezigajisiwe zisusiwe, 'isobho' saba into efana naso isiphuzo esingazi ngokuthi ikhofi.
Indaba yesiphuzo esiphuthumayo sika-Omar yafinyelela ngokushesha emzini wakubo kaMocha. Ukuthunjwa kwakhe kwaphakanyiswa futhi wayala ukuba abuyele ekhaya namajikijolo ayewatholile. Ebuyela eMocha, wabelane nobhontshisi wekhofi kanye nokuphuza ikhofi nabanye, abathola ukuthi 'waphulukisa' izifo eziningi.
Akubanga nje isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba badumise ikhofi njengesidakamizwa esiyisimangaliso futhi u-Omar njengongcwele. I-monastery yakhiwa kuMocha e-Omar.
I-Ethiopian Coffee Origin History
Kucatshangwa ukuthi uhlamvu lwe-Kaldi oluyinkimbinkimbi lwaluzoba khona cishe ngo-AD 850. Le akhawunti ihambisana nenkolelo evame ukukholelwa ukuthi ikhofi yokulima ikholwa e-Ethiopia ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-9. Kodwa-ke, abanye bakholelwa ukuthi ikhofi yayihlwanyelwe ngo-AD 575 eYemen.
Umlando kaKaldi, izimbuzi zakhe, kanye namakholi uveza ukuthi ikhofi yatholwa njengento evuselela futhi isiphuzo ngosuku olufanayo. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi amabhontshisi wekhofi afunwa njengesivuselelo emakhulwini eminyaka ngaphambi kokuba enze isiphuzo.
Ubhontshisi kungenzeka ukuthi buhlelekile futhi buxubene ne- ghee (ibhotela ecacisiwe) noma ngamafutha esilwane ukuze enze umquba omnyama. Lokhu bekuzofakwa ezinqoleni ezincane bese kuthiwa zidliwe njengoba zidinga amandla ekuhambeni okude.
Ezinye izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi lo mkhuba webhontshisi we-chewing wawulethwa (kanye nekhofi ngokwayo) ukusuka eKaffa kuya eHarrar nase-Arabia yizigqila zaseSudan ezazifuna ikhofi ukuze zisinde ekuhambeni okulukhuni kwemizila yokuhweba izinceku zamaSulumane. Kuthiwa, izigqila zaseSudan zithatha lesi siko sekhofi yokuhlafuna esizweni sase-Galla saseTopiya.
Namuhla, isiko lokudla ikhofi esemhlabathini e-ghee ihlala ezindaweni ezithile eKaffa naseSidamo. Ngokufanayo, eKaffa, abanye abantu bengeze ibhotela elicacile elicibilikile ekomfini labo eliphucuziwe ukuze lenze kakhulu ukudla okunomsoco futhi kwengeze ukunambitheka (okufana netiyali yebhotela yeTibet).
Ngokweminye imithombo, kwakukhona nendlela yokudla ikhofi njengesipuni. Le ndlela yokudla ikhofi ingabonakala phakathi kwezinye izizwe eziningi zase-Ethiopia ezizungezile ngekhulu le-10.
Kancane kancane, ikhofi yaziwa ngokuthi isiphuzo e-Ethiopia nangaphesheya. Kwezinye izizwe, i-cherry ikhofi yachotshozwa futhi yavutha ibe uhlobo lwewayini. Kwabanye, ubhontshisi bekhofi babusiwe, basemhlabathini, bese babilisiwe zibe yi-decoction.
Kancane kancane, isiko lokuphuza ikhofi sabamba futhi saqhubeka kwenye indawo. Ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-13, ikhofi yasakazeka ezweni lamaSulumane, lapho lalihlonishwa khona njengemithi enamandla kanye nosizo olunamandla lomkhuleko. Kwabiliswa kakhulu njengama-decoction we-medicinal herbal abilisiwe - ngokuqina namandla.
Usengathola amasiko wekhofi ebilisayo e-Ethiopia, eTurkey, naseMedithera eminingi. Lezi ziyaziwa ngokuthi ikhofi yase-Ethiopia , ikhofi yaseTurkey , ikhofi yamaGreki , njll.
I-Yemen's Coffee History
Nakuba kunama-akhawunti amaningi ekhofi yomlando ovela ngekhulu le-9 nangaphambili, ubufakazi bokuqala bokuthi abantu basebenzisana nesitshalo sekhofi livela phakathi nekhulu le-15, lapho kusetshenziselwa amasonto aseSufi aseYemen. I-Sufis isetshenzisiwe ikhofi ukuze zihlale ziphapheme futhi ziqaphile ngesikhathi sokukhuleka kwabo ebusuku kanye namahora amaningi okuthandaza.
Kodwa-ke, kuvame ukukholelwa ukuthi amabhontshisi ekhofi ayethunyelwa ngaphandle esuka e-Ethiopia kuya e-Yemen nokuthi abathengisi base-Yemeni baphinde babuyisa ikhofi izitshalo emakhaya abo baqala ukuyihlakulela lapho.
I-Yemen nayo iyimvelaphi yegama elithi 'mocha,' elivame ukusetshenziselwa ukubhekisela kuma-coffees anomnandi we-chocolate (njenge- mocha latte ) namuhla.
- Ekuqaleni, igama elithi 'mocha' lisho umuzi waseMocha, owawuyisisekelo esikhulu sokuhweba ngesitayela se-Mocha sebhontshisi yekhofi - uhlobo lwekhofi olwaluzuzisa ukunambitheka kwalo okuhlukile.
- Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi uMarco Polo wathenga ubhontshisi wekhofi eMocha phakathi nohambo lwakhe.
- Kwakungakaze kube yilokho le-17 leminyaka ulwazi lwekhofi (kanye ne-misnomer of 'mocha') lusakazeka eYurophu.