Ingabe Ukudla Kudla "Ukugcoba" AmaJaji?

Sekuyiminyaka, umqondo wokugcoba inyama wasiza ukuvimbela ukulahlekelwa komswakama kwakuyincwajana ethandwa kakhulu futhi ekhonjiwe kaningi. Kwakungenangqondo futhi kubonakala sengathi ihambisana nokuhlangenwe nakho kwabantu, ngakho-ke yamukelwa, ikakhulukazi engaxilwanga, cishe ikhulu leminyaka.

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, i-pendulum iphendukile ngakolunye uhlangothi, iningi labantu manje elimemezela le mbono ukuba ibe yinto engcolile - inganekwane, njengefairies noma i-leprechauns.

Baye bathi "yi-debunked" ngokuthi "isayensi."

Ukwethulwa kwe "Debunkers"

Ungakwazi ukubona kalula enye yale "debunkers" ngomoya ocacile wokuphakama abawutholayo emakamelo okuxoxa, amabhodi womyalezo kanye namabhulogi - noma yikuphi ukuxoxwa kwesihloko sokubamba nokuthungwa kwemvelo kuxoxwa.

Okumangalisa (nakuba kungenjalo, mhlawumbe, ngokumangalisa), baye bathengisa kulokhu kuthiwa yi-debunking ne-blind blinding efanayo abayibhekisela kulabo abangakolunye uhlangothi lwempikiswano: Bavele bezwa noma befunda ukuthi ukuthumba akuqinisekisi ngamanzi , uthole ukuthi ukuphikisana okuphoqeleka, bese kuvele kuyifake ngaphansi kokuthi "izinto engizikhethele ukuzikholelwa."

Inkathazo kuphela, ayiphutha.

Futhi sesizobona ukuthi kungani. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba siyenze, ake sibheke ngokuningiliziwe ngombono wokuthi ukuveza kuveza inyama enomsoco, ngakho-ke singaba nomqondo ongcono wezinto abacatshangelwa ukuthi ziyizidakamizwa eziye zadonswa, futhi yiziphi izicabango abacabanga ukuthi zenzeke.

Ukwenza kanjalo, kuzodingeka sichaze ukuthi sisho ukuthini ngokubheka. Yilokho okuyisisekelo sombuzo, ngemuva kwakho konke, ngakho kufanele siqiniseke ukuthi sonke sikhuluma ngento efanayo. Ake siqale ngokufingqa ngokushesha izimfanelo zokupheka okushisayo .

Ukupheka Okushisayo-Ukushisa

Ukupheka okushisayo kusho noma iyiphi inqubo lapho kusetshenzwa ukushisa ekudleni ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umswakama.

Izibonelo zizoshisa ukudla ngokushisa, emoyeni omile njengokuthi kuhhavini, noma ngokushisa okuqhutshwa ngqo kusuka epanini elishisayo.

Uma kwenzeka inyama, ukupheka ukushisa okushisayo kuholela ekubunjweni "kwesikhumba" esicwebezelayo esiphundu emanzini. Lokhu kubangelwa inqubo yamakhemikhali ebizwa nge- Maillard yokusabela , okuyinto enesizathu sokuthuthukiswa kwe-browning nokuvutha, futhi kuzokwenzeka kuphela emazingeni okushisa okungenani ama-310 ° F.

Njengoba amanzi amanzi aphenduke umthamo ku-212 ° F, izindlela zokupheka zokushisa (okufana nokumisa noma ukukhwabanisa ) azikwazi ukukhiqiza ukushisa okwanele ukwakha le ngaphandle. Izindlela zokupheka ezomile kuphela ezikwazi ukupheka, izindlela ezifaka ukugcoba , ukugaya , ukukhipha - nokususa.

Esinye sezicelo ezivame kakhulu zokugcoba ngenyama enesibindi sokubheka, njengendlela yokuthuthukisa ukubukeka kwayo nokuthuthukisa ama-flavor Maillard awakwazi ukusikhipha yedwa. Ngokuvamile, yonke indawo yangaphandle yenyama iyanyanyiswa ngale ndlela, hhayi nje phezulu nangaphansi. Ngakho-ke nge-cube yenkomo, zonke izinhlangothi eziyisithupha ze-cube kuzodingeka zenziwe.

Kodwa ngokudla siseduze ukubamba isibindi, asikhathaleli "ukufaka uphawu" kumajusi. Inyama eboshiwe kahle iyoba mnandi futhi iyomanzi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yini. Ukuhlala ngaphambi kokuba ubhonjiwe kwenziwe ngenxa yezibuko nokuvutha kuphela.

Ngakho-ke, asikhathazeki lapha ngokubheka njengoba kuhlotshaniswa nokugqanyiswa kwesilwane ngaphambi kokubhikisha. Ngenhloso yale ngxoxo, "ukugcoba" kubhekisela kwisenzo sokwenza ngokushesha ukusabalalisa isiteji noma ukunqunywa kwamathenda, ngaphezu kokushisa okuphakeme kakhulu (okungukuthi, ama-450 ° F noma ngaphezulu), ngezinye izikhathi besebenzisa inani elincane lamafutha, njenge yingxenye yenqubo yokupheka esebenzisa izindlela ezomile zokushisa kuphela.

Funa isimangalo Vs. I-Counterclaim

Manje njengoba sesibophezele incazelo yokubika, singaqhubeka nokuhlola umbuzo ophakathi nendawo yale mpikiswano. Ngakolunye uhlangothi sineSimangalo:

"Ukubeka izidakamizwa zenyama ngamanzi."

Futhi i-Counterclaim:

"Cha, akusho!"

Izimpendulo ze-Claiming zingalandelwa emuva kakhulu ngo-350 BC, lapho isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki u-Aristotle sabhala:

"... izingxenye eziseduze nomlilo yizona zokuqala ezomile futhi ngenxa yalokho zome kakhulu kakhulu. Ngale ndlela isivumelwano sokuphuma ngaphandle futhi umswakama kule nto ayikwazi ukufihlwa kodwa kuvaliwe ukuvalwa kwama pores. "

I-Pores? Lokhu ukupheka esikukhulumayo, hhayi ukubhekana nokuhlanza. Sizobeka ukuthi i-steak entsha yase-New York ayinayo i-pores. Kodwa uma lo mbono wenyama unesihloko esithi "i-pores" yisisekelo se-Counterclaim, i-debunkers ibilokhu idibanisa inkolelo engafanele. Akekho osikisela ngokujulile ukuthi ukuthumba kusiza ekuvimbeleni ukulahlekelwa komswakama ngokuvala izibhamu zenyama. Futhi noma kunjalo, unike u-Aristotle ikhefu. Uphinde wacabanga ukuthi i-Sun ilungele umhlaba - ngakho ukukhetha kuye kufana nokudlala umdanso wokugcina ngemuva kokushaya inja yakho kuma-checkers.

Isixhumanisi seVon Leibig

Inguqulo yesimanje ye-Claims ivame ukubhekisela kumakhemikhali waseJalimane wekhulu le-19 ogama lakhe linguJustus von Leibig, owayekhathazekile, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngokudla okunomsoco.

Ngokuqondile, wayefuna ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani ezakhiweni ezakhiwa ukudla ngaphansi kwamasu okupheka ahlukene. Ngabe, isibonelo, kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi lezi zakhi zikhishwe futhi zigxilwe? Ngempela, u-von Leibig uzoqhubeka nokuthola inkampani ye-Oxo, ekhona nanamuhla njengomkhiqizi wezingxube zenyama, ama- bouillon cubes kanye nemikhiqizo ehlobene nokudla (nakuba ayihlotshaniswa ne-OXO International, abenzi be-brand "Good Grips" brand of kitchens ).

Inkolelo yakhe yayiwukuthi ukufaka ingqamuzana yenyama emanzini abandayo, bese kuthi ukushisa kancane kancane amanzi ukuze kuphekwe inyama, kungabangela ukuphuza amanzi ngaphakathi (ngaleyo ndlela, izakhi kanye nezinye izinto ezibalulekile njenge-flavour) zikhishwa yenyama kanye nomthombo wokupheka.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, wacabanga ukuthi ukupheka inyama ngokushesha ngokuyifaka ngamanzi abilayo kungabangela umgoqo owavimbela noma yikuphi uketshezi ukuthi ungadluli noma uphume inyama.

Ngakho von Leibig wayekhuluma ngokubilisa noma ukugcoba inyama, hhayi ukuyibeka. Ngakho umkhawulo awuchazayo awuhlangene nesikhumba esakhiwe nge-Maillard yokusabela. Kwenzeke ukuthi wayiphutha ngesibambiso, kodwa i-von Leibig ingqikithi ayihlangene nalokho Okumangalelwa nhlobo. Iqiniso lokuthi inkolelo yakhe yokudla inyama efikile, eminyakeni edlule, ukuba ihlotshaniswe ne-Claim, ibonakala iwukungaqondani kahle.

Kakhulu kakhulu isu le "debunket by association". Njengoba imelene nemizamo yokuyixosha ebuchwepheshe, isimangalo manje singagwetshwa ngokufaneleka kwayo.

Ukubamba ama-Debunkers

Ukuphikisana okuvame kakhulu ku-Claim (noma inkolelo yokuthi inyama yokubamba isiza "ukufaka uphawu" kumajusi) kubonakala sengathi igxile ekutheni uphawu lokufaka uphawu , okuyinto abaphikisi be-theory, "debunkers," abambe ngobuciko njengobungqina bokuthi Isicelo simanga .

Bazwa igama elithi "uphawu" futhi ngokuzumayo baphenduke iPerry Mason: "Aha!" bayakhala, njengokungathi bavele babambelele emgodini othile omncane, olimini ababebe bewucabanga ngokucophelela nangenhloso. Kunjengekutshela othile, "Ngisanda kuphuma ngogwini ebusuku ebusuku," futhi lapho ngiba nabo bayagxuma phezulu bese bememeza bathi: "Kodwa awuzange ubaleke nhlobo! Le ndege yahamba. I-debunkers ayibonakali edinga ukudlala lo mdlalo.

Izimpendulo ezijwayelekile

Ngokubikezelayo, ukugxila kwe-debunkers ekumangalisweni kwezimangalo zokuthi "ukuvalwa" kungukuthi noma yini encane yokungabi namanzi ngokungenakukwazi ukuhlangabezana nesilinganiso. Okungcono kakhulu, kungukungqubuzana komuntu ongalokothi azame ukulinganisela. Bavele bephikisana nawe ngoba kumnandi ngawo. Asikhulumi ngokukhipha inyama eLucite. Siyipheka , singenzi ama-paperweights ngaphandle kwayo.

Eqinisweni, sizojabula ngokuthi ukupheka inyama kuholela ekulahlekelweni komswakama. Akukho mbuzo ngakho. Kodwa Izimangalo azihlangani nokudala inyama engenawo amanzi. Konke okushoyo ukuthi ukugcoba inyama - ukupheka ngokushesha ngokushisa okukhulu ngamanoni amancane - kusiza ukuvimbela ukulahlekelwa komswakama . It "liqinisekisa," noma "kuvimbela ukulahlekelwa," umswakama. Cha, hhayi ngokuphelele - nje kuphela ukupheka nganoma iyiphi enye indlela .

Futhi yilokho okuwukuphela kwesilinganiso esifanele noma kunjalo: ngabe ukuthumba kubangele yini ku-steak enomsoco kunanoma iyiphi enye indlela yokupheka. Uma kungenjalo, omunye umuntu angasho ukuthi akapheki inyama kuzo zonke "izimpawu zamanzi," isitatimende esicacile asenzi umnikelo osebenzayo engxoxweni yezindlela zokupheka.

Ingabe Isikhathi Sokuthi "Isayensi" Noma kunjalo?

Kuze kube manje, isimangalo sisaphila futhi siphila kahle. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, i-debunkers iye yafa ngokuphelele ukukhuluma ngesayensi. Kuyinto ikhadi labo - noma okungenani bacabanga ukuthi. Futhi sesiye sabenza balinde isikhathi eside, ngakho ake sikwenze. Kuthiwani ngakho konke lokho "isayensi?"

Njengoba kuvela, akusiyo isayensi engokoqobo i-debunkers ingabuyela ekusizeni. Okuhle kakhulu abakutholile kukhona inguqulo ethile ye "okulandelayo" okulandelayo: "

1. Qala ngama-steaks amabili afanayo. Babize u-Steak "A" no-Steak "B."
2. Hlola ngamunye bese wenza inothi yesisindo salo.
3. I-Sear Steak "A" kuphela.
4. Manje faka kokubili kuhhavini bese upheka ngamunye kuze kufike izinga lokushisa langaphakathi lifinyelele ezingeni elithile elinqunyiwe - 135 ° F, ake sithi.
5. Phakamisa isiteji ngasinye futhi.
6. Thola ukuthi yilowo nalowo ulinganisa kangakanani manje uma uqhathaniswa ngaphambi kokupheka, futhi ubonise umehluko njengephesenti yesisindo saso sangempela.

Siyacelwa ukuba sicabange (okungukuthi, emva kwakho konke, kulula kakhulu kunokwenza empeleni ukuhlolwa, kuthiwani ngokuhlukunyezwa kokwenza njalo ngokuphindaphindiwe, ngaphansi kwezimo zokubhubhisa nakho konke) ukuthi i-Steak Sea ilahlekelwe iphesenti enkulu yesisindo sayo sokuqala kunesisindo esingenalo.

Bayeka kancane ngokulindelekile, mhlawumbe belindele ukuba uwele ezinyaweni zabo, amandla angenakuphikelela esayensi yabo.

Kuningi "Esiyisayensi"

Esikhundleni salokho, into ewukuphela kokuwohloka ukuhlolwa ngokwayo. Ngokucabanga ukuthi ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi yisona kuphela isizathu esingaba nesisindo esincane uma sesiphekiwe, lo msebenzi uphuma ezweni lezesayensi kanye ne-veers endaweni engenamaphutha. Asitsheli ukuthi kungani kufanele samukele lokhu kucatshangwa. Asitshelwanga ngisho ukuthi kuyinkolelo. Mhlawumbe sasingafanele sikubone.

Kodwa njengoba iziphetho zokuhlola zisekelwe kuphela kwisisindo, bekungeke yini kube nokucabangela ukubuza ukuthi ukupheka kungabangela yini isiteji ukuba ilahlekelwe okuthile ngaphandle kwamanzi? Njengamafutha, mhlawumbe? Ngeshwa, ukuhlolwa akuthinti ukuguquguquka kwamafutha.

Lokho kuyiphutha elibalulekile, ngoba amafutha aphansi kakhulu kunomsizi. Ngakho-ke, i-pair ye-steaks engasetshenzisiwe ingase ibe nesisindo esifanayo, nokho inezilinganiso ezihlukahlukene ze-fat-to-muscle. Uma kuphekiwe, umuntu okhulupheleyo angase alahlekelwe isisindo kunomuntu ohamba phambili - ngisho noma bobabili bephekwe ngendlela efanayo. Ngamanye amazwi, izisindo ezahlukene zokupheka zingase zibe ngaphezulu kokuqukethwe kwamanoni kunokuqukethwe kwamanzi. Kodwa ngaphandle kokulawula ukuhlukahluka kwamafutha, ngeke sazi.

Ngokubeka isibonelo lapho amafutha engekho khona, amaprotheni kuphela namanzi, ukuhlolwa akubonakali nhlobo - okungenani hhayi kunoma ubani emphakathini osuselwe emlandweni. Ekugcineni, ngokuhluleka ukuhlangabezana ngisho namazinga amancane kakhulu okuqinisekiswa kokuhlola, kungukuzihlola ngokwakho okuphelela ukukhishwa.

Njengoba ubufakazi bokuthi "debunking" obubizwa ngokuthi "debunking" manje buyi-tatters, i-Claim (noma inkolelo yokuthi inyama efakaza isiza "ukufaka uphawu" kumajusi) ibhekene novivinyo lokugcina - ukuhlolwa kwesinambitha . Abaphikisi be-theory, "debunkers," bamenywa ukuba babambe iqhaza.

Ukuhlolwa kokunambitheka

Cabanga ukuthi ungumncintiswano kwenye yalezo zincintiswano zokupheka kwe-TV. Njengenselelo yakho yokugcina, unikezwa i-steak - i- ribeye enhle, enamandla noma i- steak steak . Umsebenzi wakho: Lungiselela ukuthi uhambe ngendlela engcono kakhulu ukuthi wazi kanjani. Kumele kube namanzi amaningi, anambitheka futhi abonakale ebukeka. Futhi cha, awuncintisana nenja yakho manje. Uphikisana nabapheki abaqeqeshiwe abawazi into noma amabili ngokupheka i-steak. Uzokwazi:

1. Sesha ngokushesha i-steak ekushiseni okuphezulu ukuze ukhiqize i-brown, yangaphandle, ngaphambi kokupheka ukupheka endaweni yokushisa ephansi, noma kuhhavini, noma usebenzisa i-grill, broiler noma i-sauté pan? Noma,
2. Sebenzisa enye indlela yokupheka ocabanga ukuthi izokhiqiza imiphumela engcono? Ukuphinga , mhlawumbe? Kuthiwani ngokupheka it papillote? Futhi-ke, mhlawumbe ukuguqula i-microwave kuyoba ngcono kakhulu.

Noma, ukubeka ngenye indlela: Kumele usebenze amajaji enye yezintambo ezimbili ezivela ekuhlolweni esichazwe ekuqaleni: Steak "A," eyayiqala ukuba yenzeke ukudala i-crust yangaphandle ngaphambi kokuyiqeda kuhhavini, noma uSteak " B, "elaliphekwe kuhhavini ngaphandle kokuthunga. Quick! Kuyoba njani - Steak "A" noma Steak "B?"

Isimiso sakho sitshela ukuthi ukusikeka okukhulu kwenyama yenkomo efana nalokho okuvela emgqeni noma okuncane okunciphile okudingekayo kuphekwe ngokushesha, kusetshenziswe ukushisa owomile namazinga okushisa aphezulu, ukuze kugcinwe isisa kanye ne-juiciness; futhi ukuthumba kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukunambitheka nokuthungwa ngenkathi kuvela ukubonakala.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, i-glance e-steak eyayiphekwe kuhhavini ngaphandle kokuqala kuqala ibonisa umkhiqizo oqediwe onzima, ongephuzi, ongenalutho, futhi ongeyena ujusi. Kungenxa yokuthi ukupheka kwe-oven kuyedwa kuthatha isikhathi eside kunokupheka kwe-oven ngaphambi kokusesha okushisa okuphezulu. Lesi sikhathi eside se-oven sisho ukuthi lezo zinhlayiya ezinkulu zamajusi owazifuna ukuzilondoloza ngokuyeka ukugqoka ziye zachitha isikhathi esengeziwe sibheka kancane imicu eyisizungezile. Sikhuluma isikhumba sesikhumba lapha. Ngokuqinisekile awuyikukhonza leyo steak, akunjalo?

Noma ukuyibeka futhi enye indlela: Yikuphi kulawo ma-steaks amabili ongathanda ukukudla? Ingabe uzimisele ukubeka inkolelo yakho lapho umlomo wakho ukhona khona?

Iziphetho & Ukugoqa

Ekugcineni, lokhu kungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu yokwehlukanisa labo abakholelwa ngempela kulokho abaphikisana ngakho, kulabo abahlala nje bebodwa. Liphinde ikhombise indlela yokunciphisa intshiseko ye-debunkers ngokufaka isimanga sokuthi ukuthumba akunikezi isitatimende se-juicier: Uma unesiqiniseko sokuthi i-steak engavaliwe, i-steven-baked steak iphakeme kakhulu, ngakho-ke kusukela manje, yilo kuphela uhlobo lwe-steak uthola ukudla.

Kubi kakhulu ukuthi ngeke iphoqelelwe. Kungaba mnandi ukuzwa abakwa-debunkers bahambe bethula isikhashana.