Igama elithi "gluten" lihlelwa ngalezi zinsuku ngendlela efanayo ngokuthi igama elithi "communist" libuyele emuva kuma-1950s - kuphela esikhundleni seNsizi Ebomvu, namhlanje kufana ne-Menace yezinkwa.
Ngokuqinisekile, cishe amaphesenti angu-1 abantu (1 kwabangu-100 abantu) abhekene nesifo esizimele esibizwa ngokuthi yi-celiac, lapho ukusetshenziswa kwe-gluten kubangela ukulimala emathunjini. Lokhu, futhi, kuvimbela ukumiswa okuvamile kwezakhi, okuholela ekungondleki.
Isimo esibucayi, futhi abagulayo be-celiac kudingeka baqaphele ukugwema i-gluten.
Kodwa yini ngempela i- gluten, futhi ibhekana kanjani nobuciko be-Culinary?
Yini i-Gluten?
I-Gluten iyinhlanganisela yamaprotheni wemvelo atholakala ngokolweni, nangokwesilinganiso esincane, ngo-rye nebhali. Ama-molecule we-gluten avuliwe lapho ufulawa uswakanyiswa khona-ke noma ukuxoxwa noma ukuxubana. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, i-glutens iyakhula ngokweqile njengoba amaprotheni enza ama-long chain kanye namaketanga amade.
Lezi zinhlayiya zamaprotheni ezindala ziyanwebeka phansi, yingakho ungathululela ucezu ngaphandle kokuphula noma ukudubula. Kufana nebhaluni.
Le ndawo ehlanganisiwe ye-gluten isebenze nama-gase akhiqizwa imvubelo noma enye i-agent egwazayo. Ama-gase afaka amabhaluni ama-gluten, yilokho okubangela ukuba inhlama ikhule. Okokugcina, lapho ibhakawa, inhlama ikhuni esimweni sayo esithintekayo, isinika isinkwa isakhiwo sayo.
Yiziphi Izinhlobo Zemifula Ezine-Gluten Eningi?
Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene zekolweni, ngasinye sinokuqukethwe kwayo kwe-gluten. Imifucumfucu eyenziwe nge-high-gluten korobi ibizwa ngokuthi i-flora eqinile futhi isetshenziselwa ukwenza isinkwa, ama-bagels, i-pasta ne- pizza crusts . Imifucumfucu eyenziwe ngokusuka, i-low-gluten koroyi ibizwe ngokuthi i- weak flours futhi isetshenziselwa ukwenza amaqebelengwane nama-pastries obucayi.
Ufulawa owenzelwe yonke into uhlelwe ukuba ube nokudla okuphakathi kwamaphesenti angu-12 noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu kwenza kube ufulawa omuhle phakathi komgwaqo ongasetshenziselwa uhla lonke lokubhaka.
I-Gluten Idlala Njani Indima Ekubheni?
Ngaphandle kwe-gluten, izimpahla ezibhaka ngeke zibeke umumo wazo. Yingakho ufulawa wekolweni lisetshenziselwa ukubhaka. Uma i-glutens ikakolweni iswetshiwe ngokusebenzisa inqubo yokuxoxela noma yokuxuba, yenza amapokhethi amancane angabe esholwa yizigesi ezikhishwe ummeli ogwazayo. Lapho lezi zikhwama zomoya zithinta, inhlama iyanda noma ikhuphuka.
Futhi njengoba i-gluten yiprotheni, iyanzima uma ishisa-njengeprotheni eqanda liyanzima lapho silipheka. Lokhu kunzima kwama-molecule we-gluten yilokho okuvumela isinkwa ukuba sibe nesimo sayo, futhi sinikeze ukuthungwa kwayo okuqinile.
Lapho inhlama ixubanisiwe noma ixoxwa, i-glutens iyakhula. Yingakho sixuba inhlama yamaqebelengwane noma amakhekhe okwesikhathi esifushane kunama rolls e-crusty eFrance.
Amafutha Asebenzelana Kanjani Ne-Gluten?
Ekubhaka, amafutha aphazamisa inqubo yokuthuthukisa i-gluten. Ama-cookies angaphezu kwesinkwa ngoba anamafutha amaningi kuwo. Okwenzekayo ukuthi ama-molecule amafutha azungeze futhi afinyelele ngokweqile imicu ye gluten ukuze akwazi ukwelula okuningi.
Yilapho sithola khona igama elithi "ukunciphisa" kanye nama-cookies okuphuthumayo.
Ingabe Kukhona I-Gluten E-Pasta?
I-Gluten nayo iyisici esibalulekile ekudleni okungabhakiwe, njenge-pasta. I-gluten yilokho enikeza i-pasta ukuthungwa kwayo okuqinile. Imifino enamandla enjengaleyo eyenziwe kusuka kolweni kakade kuhle ukwenza i-pasta ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo kwe-gluten ephezulu. I-pasta eyenziwe ngofulawa ophansi-gluten ingaba mnene kakhulu futhi i-mushy.
Ingabe Kungenzeka Ukugqoka Ngaphandle KweGluten?
I-Gluten inikeza isakhiwo nokuhlaziya, kodwa futhi yindlela ewukuphela kokudala izinto ezikhanyisiwe, ezihamba nge-airy. Kungenxa yokuthi, ngaphandle kwe-gluten, isinkwa ngeke sikhuphuke. Yingakho, uma uke wazama isinkwa esingenayo gluten , zinzima kakhulu futhi zinzima kakhulu. Ziyizinyosi nje zesitashi.
Lokho akusho ukuthi okusanhlamvu okuncane noma okungekho gluten akusetshenzisiwe ekubheni. Kuphela nje ukuthi badinga usizo oluthile - ngendlela yofulawa wekolweni.
Isinkwa se-Rye sinokudla okuningi okolweni kakolweni kunefulawa ka rye . Ummbila awunakho ne-gluten, yingakho i- cornbread yenziwa kusuka engxenyeni engamatshumi amahlanu, ufulawa wekolweni uhhafu.