Ukubheka iCuisine yezifundazwe ezintathu zaseBasque Country
Isingeniso
Izwe laseBasque - noma i- el Pais Vasco ngesiSpanishi - lilodwa lamaSununidades Autónomas eSpain, noma "imiphakathi yokuzimela." Itholakala enyakatho yeSpain, emngceleni weFrance noLwandle lwaseCantabric. Eningizimu kukhona indawo yaseLa Rioja, entshonalanga eCantabria naseCastilla y Leon, naseNararra empumalanga. Lesi sifundazwe sezintaba sineziNtaba zaseBasque, izintaba zaseCantabrian kanye nezintaba zasePyrenees.
Abantu baseBasque bayisiko lasendulo, ngaphambi kokuthandana noMbuso WaseRoma kanti nokho izazi-mlando zisenemibuzo eminingi mayelana nemvelaphi yazo, kanye nolimi lwabo Euskera . Umhlahlandlela Wokuthola IJografi uhlinzeka ngokubukezwa okuhle kwesifunda kanye neqembu laseYurophu elidala kunabo bonke abahlala kulo, e-Basque Country, A Geographic and Anthropologic Enigma.
Umlando weCuisine
Ngokuphambene nesidumo samanje somhlaba wonke sokuthi ukudla kwe-Basque kujabulela namuhla, izivakashi zezwe laseBasque ezinkathini eziphakathi zidwebe isithombe esihlukile. Abantu babempofu. Ukudla nokudla kwakungenalutho, ngakho badla imithi, i-lentile, ubhontshisi nezithelo. Nakuba amaBasques ayehlale edoba ogwini, kwakungakaze kufike amaNorse ekhulwini le-XI, kanye nemithetho yokudla yamaKristu, ukuthi izinhlanzi eziningi zaqala ukudliwa, futhi imboni yokudoba yakhula.
Ngokutholakala kweMelika, abaningi baseBasque bahamba beya ezweni elisha, baphunyulela impilo yobuthakathaka futhi bathatha ukudla kwabo nabo.
Ngokushintshaniswa kokudla okuqhubekayo okwenziwe, okusanhlamvu, ubhontshisi, ubhontshisi, utamatisi namazambane bahlanganiswa nesidlo saseBasque. Ekhulwini le-XIX i-Industrial Revolution yasize ikhulise izinga lokuphila ezweni laseBasque. Umfelandawonye waseBasque osanda kuzuza waqasha abapheki baseFrance, futhi ngokwenza kanjalo baletha ukuthinta okwengeziwe isiFulentshi.
Phakathi nohulumeni waseFranco, ukudla kwaseBasque kwaba yilokho abanye ababize ngokuthi "stale." Nokho, emva kokufa kukaFrancisco Franco ngo-1975, kwavela ukunyakaza okusha kweCulinary - i- Nueva Cocina Vasca (i-New Basque Cuisine). Ukusebenzisa izithako zendabuko, abapheki badala izitsha ezintsha nezitsha ezintsha. Eminyakeni engu-25 eyalandela, abapheki basePinishi abaphayona baqala ukwakha ukudla okusha kweSpanishi, bezama izindlela ezintsha, futhi igama elithi "gastronomy molecular" lazalwa. Namuhla i-Basque Country kanye 'nabapheki bayo baqhubeka bejabulela ukubonga kwamazwe ngamazwe ngokupheka kwabo.
Izinkampani, Izinkampani Zokugcoba
Iziqu zihlobo lomphakathi wesilisa we-gastronomic e-Basque Country. Ngokusho kukaHarald Kocker encwadini ethi Culinaria Spain, i- tumb yokuqala yasungulwa ngo-1843 eSan Sebastian. Amalungu ala maqembu ahlangana njalo ukuze alungise ndawonye, adle, aphuze, aphumule futhi ahlanganyele. Ngokuvamile banendawo yabo ngekhishi, ibha kanye nendawo yokudlela. Nakuba le mibuso yayingabesilisa kuphela, futhi abesifazane bamenywa ngesikhathi semikhosi ethile, abesifazane baye bavunyelwa kancane kancane kuningi, kodwa hhayi yonke imiphakathi.
- I-Web Portal yezinhlanganisela nezinhlangano ze-Gastronomic (ngesiSpanishi kuphela)
AmaCuisines amaProvinsi amathathu aseBasque
Izifundazwe ezintathu zezwe laseBasque - Álava, Guipúzcoa naseVizcaya zinemikhiqizo ehlukene.
Lokhu kungenxa ye-geography yezwe laseBasque, lapho kunemifuzano ehlukene phakathi kwezindawo zokudoba ezisogwini nasentabeni.
I-Álava yisifundazwe eseningizimu-ntshonalanga yezwe laseBasque futhi sinomoya obandayo. Amathafa asezintabeni, izigodi ezinkulu nemifula ihamba nge-Álava, kodwa ayinogwini. Ngenxa yokuthi "ivalwe umhlaba", abantu badla inyama yenkomo, i-veal ne-game, njenge-partridge ne-quail. Baphinde bajabulele i- perretxikos (uhlobo lwe-mushroom), izinkinobho kanye nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene. Amazambane, ubhontshisi kanye namakhowe avela kule ndawo nawo ayaziwa kakhulu ngekhwalithi yawo.
Ezinye izinto ezikhethekile ze-Álava zinezici ezenziwe nge-artichokes, ama- patatas viudas amazambane afakwe e-ufulawa futhi ethosiwe, bese ekhonzwa nge-sauce; I-Llodio black pudding, i-sausages egazini egazini eyenziwe ngemifino kanye ne-rice encane, i- Goxua , ikhekhe eline-liqueur ne-pastry cream kanye ne-caramel sauce.
I-Álava nayo isifunda esikhiqiza iwayini. I- Rioja Alavesa iyindawo engaphansi kwesifunda sewayini esidumile se-Rioja, futhi i-akhawunti engaba ngu-21% yendawo ye-Rioja efanelekile i-DO.
I-Vizcaya ("i-Bizcaia" e-Basque) inesimo sezulu esibi futhi kunogwayi olungaphezu kuka-80 km olwandle lwaseCantabric. Ibizwa ngokuthi "iNhloko-dolobha ye-Bacalao" noma i-cod cod, okuyisisekelo esingokwesiko futhi ama- Vizcayan anezinkulungwane zokupheka ze- bacalao . Eziningi zezinhlanzi nezinhlanzi zasolwandle ezisuka e-Cantabric Sea, njenge-squid baby, ama-sardine, ama-anchovies, i-hake (i-merluza), i-sea bream (i-besugo) ne-clams iyathandwa, kanye nezinyama ezinjenge-veal ne-piggy. Ezinye izitsha ezivelele ezivela e-Vizcaya ziyi:
- Cod a la Vizcaina - Bacalao a la Vizcaína
- Cod in Pil-Pil Sauce - Bacalao al pil-pil
- Ukwahlukanisa eSuce Sauce - Almejas en Salsa Verde
- I-Baby Squid e- 'Ink - Chipirones en su Tinta yayo
- Hake in Sauce Green - Merluza en Salsa Verde
- I-Fresh Tuna Stew - I- Marmitako
- Ingulube nge Sauce Ibalza Cheese Sauce - Solomillo de cerdo con salsa de queso Idiazábal
- Ama-Tubes Agcwaliswe Ngama-Cream of Bilbao- Canutillos de Bilbao
I-Guipúzcoa yisifundazwe esenyakatho-ntshonalanga yezwe laseBasque, elinamakhilomitha angama-90 ogwini olwandle olwandle lwase-Atlantic, emngceleni weFrance. Lincane kakhulu futhi liyisifundazwe sokuhlukana - izintaba nogwini, imizi emikhulu nemizana, imboni kanye nokulima. Isimo sezulu sinomoya omnene, okushisa okushisayo, nokushisa kwemvula. I-cuisine yaseGuipúzcoa isiye yaqashelwa emhlabeni jikelele, ngakho-ke futhi kuneziphepheli zayo, njengabaqaphi uJuan Mari Arzak, Martín Berasategui noPedro Subijana bonke abavela eSan Sebastián.
I-San Sebastián (i-Donostia e-Basque) iyinhloko-dolobha, futhi iyaziwa ngenani elikhulu lamapayipi we- tapas aphezulu . Ngaphezu kokuba nezindawo ezingaphezu kwezingu-100 ze- tapas enkabeni yedolobha, iSan Sebastián inezikhungo eziningi zokudla nezinkanyezi ze-Michelin ngayinye ikhilomitha engamakhilomitha angaphezu kwesinye idolobha, ngaphandle kweParis.
Ezinye zezinto ezikhethekile zaseGuipúzcoa ziyi: abantwana ama-eel, ubhontshisi obubanzi namabhisi amantombazane kanye no-anyanisi entwasahlobo, i- Txangurro neLa Donostiarra - isikhumba se-spider esinezintambo kanye ne- Atun eguna - salmon esuka eMfuleni iBidasoa.