Ukudla kwe-Afrika, yize kunezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu ezifundeni ezihlukahlukene zezwekazi, kucebile ngemifino etholakalayo etholakala emifino ye-tuber (njenge-cassava nama-yam), izithelo ezingavuthiwe (njengebhanana nama-plantains), futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ziyi-grains.
Imikhiqizo okusanhlamvu ivela ngokuyinhloko ezitshalweni ezinotshani ezinjenge-millet, teff, utshwala ngisho nangokolweni. Lezi zindlela zokudla ezibonakalayo ezivela e-Sub Saharan Afrika ezibizwa ngokuthi ipap, i-sadza, i-nshima noma i-ugali, phakathi kwamanye amagama.
Ummbila
Isitshalo esikhulu esasakazeka kakhulu se-Afrika saziwa njengommbila, okungaziwa ngokuthi corn. Indlela evame kakhulu yokupheka nokuyidla injengendlovu, lapho ingenziwa khona njengendlela yokudla kwasekuseni elula futhi enomsoco, noma imikhosi yokudla yemifino enomsoco, efana nokungahambisani ne-fufu esetshenziswa kakhulu, kodwa hhayi njenge-gelatinous futhi enamathele.
Kuyathakazelisa ukukhomba, kodwa, ukuthi ummbila awunzima kuphela ukukhula e-Afrika, kodwa futhi akuyona inzalo kuleli zwekazi. Kuyinto isivuno sezomnotho esasungulwa kuqala yiPutukezi, futhi ngokusho kukaMangaliso (ngo-1965), nakuba kuyaphikisana ukuthi ngabe yenziwa ngekhulu le-16 noma kakade isisitshalo esitshalwe e-Afrika, kuvunywa ukuthi akusiyona eyinhloko okusanhlamvu ngaleso sikhathi.
I-Millet
Ngaphambi kokuba kutholakale ummbila e-Sub Saharan Africa, i- millet yayiyizinhlamvu ezidliwa kakhulu kunazo zonke ezweni lonke. Eqinisweni, eminyakeni engaba ngu-50 eyedlule, kwakusengcono okusanhlamvu.
I-millet, ikakhulukazi i-millet yamaparele, kuthiwa ivela e-Afrika ngaphambi kokuba ithunyelwe e-Asia. Eqinisweni, ngokusho kweNational Research Council, kuye kwashiwo ukuthi i-pearl yamaphilisi yayisetshenziswe eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-4000 edlule eNtshonalanga Afrika. Ezinye izinhlobo zama-millet zibandakanya i-fonio ne-millet yamagciwane (i-rapoko).
I-millet inomsoco futhi ihlinzeka kakhulu emnothweni wezokudla wase-Afrika kunommbila, kodwa ngenxa yocwaningo lwesayensi nokutshalwa kwezimali ekutshaleni ummbila, ukusetshenziswa kwamathambo njengesiyisisekelo esiyinhloko sekudlulelwe yomboni. Lokhu kuyadabukisa ngoba lesi sitshalo simelana kakhulu nesomiso, sidinga ukuchelela okuncane kunommbila futhi kuyindlela enhle yokuhlinzeka ngokuphepha kokudla.
I-Teff
I-Teff yi-okusanhlamvu ehlotshaniswa kakhulu namazwe asePhondo lase-Afrika, e-Ethiopia nase-Eritrea. Iyaziwa kakhulu ekwenzeni injera, isiphuzo seTopiya esihamba kahle ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zezitshalo ezibizwa ngokuthi ama- wots . Ufulawa we-teff uhlanganiswe futhi uhlanganiswe izinsuku ezimbalwa uze uqede. Lesi senzo sokuvuthisa siqinisa i-teff futhi sinezela ukukhanya kanye nenhlobo yemvelo yokugcoba isinkwa, okuholela ekulimazeni okukhanya kakhulu. Namuhla i-teff iyaqhubeka itholakale ngaphandle kwezwe layo, e-Ethiopia, futhi ithola ukuthandwa emakethe yokudla okungekho gluten.
Isihlahla
Ngezinye izikhathi inhlanzi isetshenziselwa ngokungafani njengama-millet, noma kunjalo, kuyinhlamvu ehlukile. Iyaziwa emazweni afana neBotswana futhi isetshenziselwa ukwenza i-pap noma i-sadza, eyaziwa e-Botswana njenge-bogobe.
Kungenziwa ukuvutshelwa futhi kwenziwe emgodini omuncu owaziwa ngokuthi yi-ting.
Ngokolweni
I-wheat and wheat-by-products inadliwa kakhulu eNyakatho Afrika nakwezinye izingxenye zeNtshonalanga neHlongo lase-Afrika. Ifomu elivame kakhulu leli yi-couscous.
> Imithombo
> Miracle, MP, 1965, Isingeniso Nokusabalalisa Imifino e-Afrika. I-Journal of African History. 6 (1), 39-55.
> UMkhandlu Kazwelonke Wokucwaninga. Izithelo Zase-Afrika Ezilahlekile: Umqulu I: Izinhlamvu. Washington, DC: I-National Academies Press, ngo-1996.