Izindlela ezivame kakhulu nezindlela zokulondoloza ukudla.
Ukudla, ngokwemvelo, kuyonakala. Ngaphandle kokungenelela, ukudla kuhlasela izisulu zemvelo, okungukuthi amabhaktheriya, imvubelo, kanye ne-fungus, bese uqala ukuhlaziya. Imiphumela yokudliwa kokudla akugcini nje kuphela, kepha ama-agent we-spoilage nawo angabangela izifo zokudla noma ngisho nokufa.
Sekuyiminyaka eyizinkulungwane, abantu baye basebenzisa izindlela ezehlukene ukuze bathuthukise ukuhlanza nokuphepha kokudla kwabo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukudla kwabo.
Nakuba ezinye zalezi zindlela zishaya, eziningi zazo zibuyela ezikhathini zasendulo. Singahle sihlenge izinqubo futhi size siqonde kangcono izindlela, kodwa imiqondo eyisisekelo iyaqhubeka iyafana nanamuhla. Nazi ezinye zezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokugcina ukudla:
- Ukushisa nokuqhwaza - Amabhaktheriya nemvubelo zikhula kahle emazingeni okushisa athile, ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-40-140ºF. Ngokunciphisa izinga lokushisa elingaphansi kuka-40ºF isenzo sabo somzimba nesenzo sokuzala sinciphise kakhulu. Ngenkathi lokhu kungase kungabulali amabhaktheriya nemvubelo, kuyanciphisa inqubo yokuphanga. Nakuba ukudla okubandayo sekusetshenziselwa izimo ezibandayo amakhulu eminyaka, ukwandiswa kukagesi kanye nemishini yasendlini ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-20 leminyaka kwandise kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kweqhwa njengendlela yokulondoloza ukudla.
- Ukugaya - Ukunqanda kugcina ukudla ngokususa i-oksijini edingekayo ukuze iningi lezinyoni ezincane likhule. Ngenxa yokuthi ezinye izinto eziphilayo zingahluma ukungabi khona kwe-oxygen, ukuvuthwa kuvame ukuhlanganiswa nesici sesibili esivimbela ukukhula kwe-microbial, njenge-asidi noma usawoti (ngokuvamile ngesimo se-brine). Ukwakhiwa kwaba yindlela eyaziwayo yokulondoloza ukudla kanye nokuguqulwa kwezimboni futhi kusasa kakhulu namuhla.
- Ukuqeda amanzi emzimbeni - Iningi lamagciwane amakhulu adinga ukuba umswakama ukhule, ngakho ukususa umswakama ekudleni kuyindlela ephumelelayo yokulondoloza. Isihluthulelo sokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi ukuphelelisa inqubo ngokushesha kunalokho okwenzekayo. Ngokuvamile ukuphuphuma kwe-evaporation kuphuthumayo ngokufaka ukushisa okulinganiselayo, ngezinye izikhathi kunikezwe ilanga lemvelo. Ibhonasi yokukhanya kwelanga i-ultra iphula imisebe, ebuye ibulale nokubulala ama-microbes. Izindlela zanamuhla zokuphefumula kwamanzi zihamba ngomoya ovuthayo nje okwanele ukukhuthaza ukungcola ngaphandle kokupheka "ukudla". Ukwehlisa amandla emzimbeni kuyindlela yokulondoloza ukudla okusetshenziselwa inyama inyama, izithelo ezomisiwe noma izithelo zesikhumba, kanye namakhambi.
- Ukuvuthisa - ukuvuthwa kungenye indlela yasendulo yokulondoloza ukudla okuye yahlala ithandwa kuze kube yilolu suku. Ukuthandwa kungenzeka ukuthi kubangelwa ukunambitheka okuyingqayizivele okutholakala ngokuvutshelwa. Ukuvuthwa ngokwawo kuyindlela yokudliwa kokudla, kodwa uma izinyunyana zilawulwa ngokuqinile, zingakhipha imiphumela efiselekayo futhi zinikeze izivikelo eziphilayo eziyingozi. Ama-bacterium noma imvubelo esetshenziselwa inqubo yokuvutshela iveza i-asidi njenge -product, eyenza ukuvimbela ezinye, amabhaktheriya angaba yingozi ekukhuliseni. Njengebhonasi, eziningi zezinto eziphilayo ezisetshenziselwa ukuvuthwa ukudla nazo zinezela ezinempilo ezitshalweni zemvelo zesigamu somuntu esiswini. Zombili i- sauerkraut ne-kimchi yizibonelo zokusetshenziswa kokuvutshelwa ukulondoloza iklabishi.
- I-salting - i-Salting igcina ukudla ngokususa umswakama nokudala imvelo engafanele ukukhula kwe-microbial. Amabhaktheriya ambalwa kakhulu akhula ezindaweni zokunethezeka kasawoti, ngakho-ke ukwengeza inani eliphakeme kakhulu likasawoti kungaba yindlela ephumelelayo yokulondolozwa. I-salting ingenye yezindlela ezindala kunazo zonke zokulondolozwa kokudla. Amanoni esolwandle omvelo anesifunda saseMedithera ayatholakala kalula ezikhathini zasendulo futhi asetshenziselwa ukulondoloza inyama, inhlanzi, imifino, ngisho nezithelo ezithile. Inani lasawoti kuphela oludingekayo ukuze kulondolozwe ukudla liphakeme kakhulu futhi ngakho-ke lingenakulinganiswa. Ngakho-ke, usawoti uvame ukusetshenziselwa ngokuhambisana nenye indlela, njengokwesula amanzi noma isisombululo esiyingozi, ukulondoloza ukudla. Izibonelo zokudla kasawoti-okulondoloziwe zihlanganisa i-salamis enzima, i-bacon, i-ingulube yengulube, inhlanzi ebhemayo, ama-anchovies, ama-olive, ama-pickle, nama-citon alondoloziwe.