Ushizi oluvela ku-Prehistoric Milk Preservation kuya ku-Mass Mass Modern
Ukukhiqizwa komlando we-cheese odlule oqoshwe umlando futhi cishe wawutholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuthutha ubisi olusha emzimbeni we-ruminants ezinjengezimvu, izimbuzi, izinkomo, nezinyosi. Emakhulwini ngaphambi kweqhwa, ushizi waba yindlela yokugcina ubisi. Nakuba kungaziwa lapho kutholakala khona ushizi kuqala, ubufakazi bokuthi ushizi oluqalayo luvame kakhulu eMpumalanga Ephakathi, eYurophu nase-Asia Ephakathi.
Ama-Early Cheeses
Kucatshangwa ukuthi ushizi lwatholwa kuqala ngasekupheleni kuka-8000 BC ngesikhathi lapho izimvu zaziqala khona. I-Rennet, i-enzyme esetshenziselwa ukhiqiza ushizi, ngokwemvelo itholakala esiswini se-ruminants. Izidumbu zokuvuza nezifo nezinye izilwane ezifana nesibindi zazivame ukusetshenziselwa ukugcina nokuthutha ubisi nezinye iziphuzo. Ngaphandle kwesiqandisiso, ukufudumala kwehlobo lokushisa kwehlobo kuhlanganiswe ne-rennet eseleyo ngaphakathi kwesisu sokubeletha bekuyobe kukhishwa ngobisi ubisi ukuze kutholakale izinhlobo zokuqala zeshizi.
Lezi zinhlayiya zobisi zazincipha futhi usawoti wanezelwa ukulondolozwa okunye, ukuzala lokho esikuziyo manje ngokuthi "ushizi." Ngisho nokwengezwa kasawoti, izimo ezifudumele zisho ukuthi izinyosi eziningi zadliwa futhi zenziwa nsuku zonke. Imibhalo yokuqala yaseRoma ichaza ukuthi amaRoma asendulo ayejabulela kanjani ushizi ngokuvamile. Babejabulela izinhlobo eziningi zokushizi, futhi ukhiqiza ushizi kwakubhekwa njengento yobuciko.
Banikeza ushizi onzima emabutho aseRoma.
Igama elithi ushizi livela egameni lesiLatini elithi casusus , impande yalo elandelwa emuva kumsuka we-proto-Indo-European we- kwat , okusho ukuvutha noma ukuvuna.
I-European Cheeses
Njengoba ushizi usakazeka ezindaweni ezipholile zaseNyakatho Yurophu, kwakudingeka usawoti omncane wokulondolozwa, okwaholela ekwenzeni i-creamier, izinhlobo eziningana zeshizi.
Lezi zimo ezipholile zibuye zathola ukusungulwa kwezilwane ezisebekhulile, ezivuthiwe nezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amaningi amaningi esiwajwayele namuhla (cheddar, gouda, parmesan, camembert) aqale akhiqizwa eYurophu phakathi neMinyaka Ephakathi.
Izinkukhu zanamuhla
Ukukhiqizwa kokudla kwe-cheese akuzange kwenzeke kwaze kwafika ngo-1815 eSwitzerland lapho kwakhiwa isitezi sokuqala ushizi. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, ososayensi bathola ukuthi ukukhiqiza inqwaba ye-rennet kanye nokukhiqizwa ushizi wezimboni kufana nokusabalalisa njengomlilo wasendle.
I-pasteurization yenza izinhlayiya ezithambile ziphephile, zinciphisa ingozi yokusakaza isifo sofuba, i-salmonellosis, i-listeriosis ne-brucellosis. Iziqhumane ziqhubeka zisuka ezinkathini zobisi eziluhlaza, futhi abesifazane abakhulelwe baxwayiswa ukuba bangadli ushizi oluvuthiwe kanye noshizi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ngomhlahlandlela wokudla kwezimboni zaseMelika kwavela ukhiqizwa ushizi owenziwe. Ushizi owenziwe uhlanganisa ushizi wemvelo ngobisi, emulsifiers, stabilizers, flavouring, kanye nombala. Lo mkhiqizo onothile kakhulu ushicilela kalula futhi ungaguquki futhi ube intandokazi yaseMelika. Ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo eshicilelwe ishicilelwe ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe II. Kusukela ngalesi sikhathi, abaseMelika bahlale bedla ushizi olusetshenziselwa ukwedlula izinyosi zemvelo.
Izikhombisi ezintsha nge-Cheese
Ushizi owenziwe ngesandla owenza ngezandla wenza ubuyeke ngendlela eyinhloko.
Izindlela zokudala ushizi zamukelwa abalimi abancane kanye nama-creameries kuwo wonke ama-United States. Izitolo ezikhethekile zama-cheese, ezazikade zilawulwa yizikhwama zama-artisan zangaphandle , manje zigcwaliswa ngamashizi akhiqizwa endaweni.