Izithelo "ezingamanga" zaseMesopotamiya ziba yintandokazi emhlabeni wonke
Phakathi kwezithelo ezindala kunazo zonke ezidliwa ngabantu, amakhiwane atjela indaba eyinkimbinkimbi futhi engokomfanekiso emlandweni wokudla. Amakhiwane anambitheka zonke izinhlobo ze-dessert ngaphambi kokuba asetshenziswe kakhulu ushukela, futhi aphinde avele njengesithako esiyinhloko ezithandweni zeholide ezidumile kanye nekhukhi ehloniphekile yokuhweba ethi Fig Newtons, okudayiswa kusukela ngo-1891. Okuphezulu ku-potassium, insimbi, i-fiber kanye ne-calcium, amaqabunga nawo esetshenziselwa izinhloso zokwelapha njenge-diuretic and laxative.
Amakhiwane emlandweni
UFicus carica L., owaziwa ngokuthi umkhiwane, owavela enyakatho ye-Asia Minor futhi wasakaza namaGreki namaRoma kulo lonke elaseMedithera. Izithunywa zevangeli zaseSpain zaseFrance zaletha umkhiwane eningizimu yeCalifornia ngo-1520, okuholela ezihlukahlukene ezaziwa ngokuthi yiMission fig. Ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi umkhiwane ube nokuningi kokubili eChina naseNgilandi ngalesi sikhathi.
Umkhiwane uvela ngokuphindaphindiwe kokubili eTestamente Elidala NeliBhayibheli (ezinye izazi zikholelwa ukuthi izithelo ezivinjelwe ezithathwe ngu-Eva kwakungumkhiwane esikhundleni se- apula ), kodwa sekutshalwe isikhathi eside. Amathebulethi amatshe aseSumeriya avela ku-2500 BC irekhodi lokusetshenziswa kwamakhiwane, nokuhlala kwemikhiwane ngesikhathi sokuthungwa kwezindawo ze-Neolithic ezivela ku-5000 BC Ezinye izazi-mlando zibhekwa njengezilimo zezitshalo zokuqala.
Amakhiwane anesimo sokubonakalisa ezinkolweni eziningi zezwe, kuhlanganise nobuKrestu, amaSulumane, amaHindu, amaJudesi namaBuddha, abamele ukuzala, ukuthula nokuchuma.
Ama-Olympian yakudala athola amakhiwane ukuze asebenze kahle, futhi uPliny Omdala wadumisa amandla okubuyisela izithelo. Kubikwa ukuthi umprofethi u-Mohammed wabonisa ukuthi umkhiwane uyisithelo esisodwa afisa ukusibona epharadesi.
Amakhiwane ensimini
Umkhiwane omuncu ungaphila iminyaka engama-100 futhi ukhule ube ngamamitha angu-50 ubude, nakuba ngokuvamile uhlala phakathi kuka-10 kuya ku-30.
Amagatsha aphikisayo asakaza kabanzi kunokuphakama kwesihlahla. Amakhiwane ahluma ezindaweni ezishisayo, ezomile nesithelo kudinga ukuba ilanga lonke livuthwe.
Ngokwemvelo, umkhiwane akusiwo ngempela isithelo kodwa i-syconium. Ingxenye yesitshalo esenezela esikhwameni esinezimbali ezikhula ngaphakathi. Umkhiwane ovamile uqukethe izimbali zesifazane kuphela futhi usakaze ngaphandle kwempova. Amanye ama-cultivars adinga impova.
Amakhiwane aseThebula
Nakuba kunamakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo zamakhiwane, abathengi base-United States bangathola kalula i-Black Mission, i-Brown Turkey, iKadota namaCalimyrna. I-California neTexas zikhiqiza isivuno esikhulu sezwe, futhi amakhiwane amasha avela ezitolo zokuthenga ezinyangeni zasehlobo. Amakhiwane anomisiwe, anamathanga anamathanga kanye namaqanda ahlanganisiwe amakhiwane kanye nomkhiwane wamakhiwane atholakala kuwo wonke unyaka wonke.
Amakhiwane angama-oval noma ama-pear angaba mhlophe, aluhlaza, abomvu noma ahlanzekile futhi angadliwa aluhlaza futhi agcwele noma agwetshiwe. Amakhiwane angena emgodleni futhi afakwe emakhakheni, amakhukhi kanye nezinye izinto ezibhakabange engeza umswakama nobuhle.
Okuningi mayelana namakhiwane
Kuthakazeliswa ngumlando ohlosiwe walesi sikhwama esidliwayo sezimbali? Hlola ezinye izinsiza zamakhiwane ukuze ufunde kabanzi. Nazi ezinye izilinganiso zamakhiwane kanye namathiphu okupheka kanye nokupheka kwamakhiwane