Umhlahlandlela Wezithombe Ummbila (Ummbila)

Lapho Ummbila Uvela Khona

Ummbila, noma-njengoba ubizwa ngokuthi eNyakatho Melika ekhuluma isiNgisi, ummbila usuhlaza osizini olungasakhula endle. Kumele kulandelwe futhi kunakekelwe ukuze kuphile.

Kukhona ingxabano enkulu lapho ummbila wokhula uvela khona noma owadala i-hybrid, kodwa kutholakale ama-cobs emzimbeni emibhunjweni yokuvubukula efika ku-5000 BC. Ngokuqinisekile kuye kwalinywa kulokho okwamanje iMexico cishe iminyaka eyi-10 000. Abantu bezizwe babheka ummbila njengesinye sezilimo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezibizwa ngokuthi "odade abathathu."

Funda mayelana nokukhishwa kommbila

Izinhlobo zommbila

Izinhlobo ezintathu ezintathu eziyinhloko zommbila yizi:

• Ummbila omuhle ubizwa ngokuthi yiwo ngempela unokwanda noshukela omncane kunezinye izinhlobo zommbila. Kudingeka njalo idliwe fresh, kungaba cob noma off, noma igcinwe by canning noma iqhwa.

• Ummbila we-dent ubizwa nangokuthi ummbila wenkambu ; ingaba ophuzi noma omhlophe. Ummbila omhlophe we-dent unamaphesenti aphezulu we-isitashi kunezinye izinhlobo eziphuzi, futhi yiyona ndlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza inhlama ne-homas. Ibuye isetshenziswe kabanzi ekunakekeleni imfuyo kanye nokudla okucutshungulwayo, amaplastiki, namafutha.

• I-Flint corn , eyaziwa nangokuthi i-corn eluhlaza noma ebomvu noma i- Indian corn , iyalinywa ikakhulukazi eNyakatho neMelika. It has exterior hard futhi isetshenziselwa kokubili ukusetshenziswa kwabantu kanye nokudla izilwane. Ngezinye izikhathi i- Popcorn ibhekwa njenge-sub-set ye-flint corn.

Ezinye izinhlobo zommbila zikhona, kufaka phakathi ufulawa wezimvu ( ummbila omhlophe othobekile ikakhulukazi futhi usetshenziselwa ukwenza ufulawa wezimmbi ngezimpahla eziphekwe), kanye ne- pod corn , okuyinto ehlukahlukene yokuhlobisa.

Imikhiqizo yokudla evela eMaze

I-Hominy ( Pozole ) ne- Masa

Ummbila osetshenziselwa ukudla waseMexico ungummbila onamafutha owenze inqubo ye- nixtamalición : ama-kernels asuswe ku-cob futhi asomisiwe. Ama-kernels omisiwe abilisiwe emanzini ane- cal , noma i-lime e-slaked. Ama-kernels avame ukushiywa ukuze angene emanzini ihora elilodwa kuya emahoreni angu-24, kuye ngokusetshenziswa kwalo okuhloswe.

Lezikhuni eziphekiwe zibizwa nge- nixtamal . Izinhlamvu zihlanza kahle futhi zixubaniswe ndawonye ukuze zisuse izikhumba.

Ukuze uthole i- hominy , amathiphu amancane aluhlaza, noma "ama-hulls," athathwa; lokhu kuvumela ukuthi ummbila ukwandise kakhulu uma kuphekwe.

I-ground nixtamal iba masa , inhlama yamabele okuzogcina igcinwe ibe yi- tortillas , i-tamales, nezinye izinto ezinhle.

Masa Harina

I-Masa harina noma ufulawa wenhlama kwenziwa ngokwenza i-nixtamal nokususa amahlumela avela emzimbeni. Ama-kernels agxila emasimini, aphelelwa amandla. Inhlama eyomile iphinda iphinde ibe yiphunga elimnandi kakhulu elingasetshenziselwa futhi ligcinwe ishalafu elizinzile isikhathi eside.

I-Masa harina idinga ukuxubaniswa namanzi noma enye i-liquid ukuze ibuyisele emuva enhlama yokwenza ama-tortillas, ama-tamales , njll.

I-Corn Starch

I-starch yesikhumba yilapho i-powder emhlophe epholile kakhulu emhlabathini eyenziwe ngokugaya ingxenye yesikhukhula sezinhlamvu zommbila. Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa izimpahla ezibhakabhakeni futhi njenge-thickener kwamanye amasobho kanye nesobho. Igama elifanele le-starch ye-corn ngesi-Spanish yi- fécula de maíz , kodwa ngokuvamile libizwa nge- Royal , ngemuva kwegama elidumile kakhulu lomkhiqizo walo mkhiqizo.

Qaphela: I-starch yamagumbi ibizwa ngokuthi ufulawa we-corn e-United Kingdom.

Cornmeal

Ummbila omnandi owomile futhi unomhlabathi oshisayo ubizwa ngokuthi yi-cornmeal. Uma izikhumba (izikhumba) namagciwane (amathiphu asundu) zisusiwe, ukudla kuzoba nokuphila kwelanga elide; uma ama-shell kanye namagciwane ahlala esidlweni, kunomsoco kakhulu, kodwa awuzange uhlale isikhathi eside. I-Cornmeal isetshenziselwa uketshezi oshisayo noma yenziwe ngokuthi "ama-grits" ngokungeza amanzi abilayo ukwenza i-mush. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukwenza i-cornbread. Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-cornmeal, grits, ne-polenta.

I-Corn Flour
Ufulawa wesiklamo wenziwa ngokugaya ummbila omisiwe ube ufulawa ocolekileyo. It isetshenziswa ngezindlela eziningi ezifanayo ufulawa ukolweni isetshenziswa. (E-United Kingdom, igama elithi ufulawa wommbila lisetshenziselwa ukukhombisa lokho okubizwa ngokuthi isitashi samabele eNyakatho Melika.)

Qaphela: Ukudla okuyi-cornmeal kanye neyommbila akuvamile ukusetshenziselwa ukudla okuyiqiniso okuseMexico.

Funda kabanzi:

I-Anatomy of Corn

Indlela Yokutshala Ummbila Ensimini Yakho

Ama-Legends, Amangakwane, Nezinkolo

I-Centeotl, uMoya wama-Aztec wommbila

I-Itzamna, uMsunguli God of Maize eMayan Mythology

Ihlelwe nguRobin Grose