Uma ucabanga ngokudla kwaseCaribbean, into yokugcina engase ivele engqondweni yithonya laseShayina. Kodwa, yilapho futhi iphawuleka kakhulu eziqhingini ezisetshenziselwa ubugqila obungasebenzi. Phakathi nawo-1800, ubugqila babuqedwa kuzo zonke iziqhingi. Njengoba ejwayele izimo zokusebenza nokuhlukumeza, izigqila ezisanda kukhululeka zazingenqikazi ukwamukela umsebenzi nabanikazi babo bokuqala. Abanikazi bezitshalo badinga umthombo omusha wezisebenzi ezishibhile futhi baphendukela ukungenisa izinceku ezingenasikhathi ezivela eChina naseNdiya.
Le miyoyo embi yaletha amasiko abo okudla, amasu okupheka, kanye nezithako ezinawo, okwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ziye zaba yingxenye ye-cuisine enamandla eCaribbean.
AmaShayina Afika E-Caribbean:
Ungase uzibuze ukuthi kungani umuntu engengozini yokufa kanye nezifo futhi azivumele ngokuzithandela ukuba agxilwe ebugqilini ezweni elikude. Impendulo akuyona yonke into emangalisa. Iningi labafuduki lalivela ezifundazweni eziseningizimu yeChina, iFujian, ne-Guangdong. Babevela emindenini empofu eseduze nendlala nokuhlupheka ngenxa yezimpi zezohwebo. Kwabo, ubugqila kwakuyithuba. I-Chinamen yokuqala engenazimpikiswano yafika eCuba ngo-1847, kwathi imikhumbi emibili yafika ngo-1854. Iningi lahlehliswa eziqhingini ezikhiqiza ushukela zaseJamaica, eTrinin, eCuba naseGuyana. Abambalwa balethwe kwezinye zeziqhingi ezincane. AmaShayina ayembalwa ngenani kunezinceku zaseNdiya ezazithengiswa zifika ngesikhathi esifanayo kanye nezigqila zase-Afrika ezaziza ngaphambi kwazo.
Babehlukaniswa ulimi lwabo namasiko abo.
Iminyaka Yokuqala Yenkonzo:
Kwakukhona abesifazane abane baseShayina kuphela kwabesilisa abangamaShayina abangu-100 abasesikhundleni. Ngakho-ke la madoda ayepheka ezitolo zangaphambili zesikhumba, ezazinamakhishi amancane, angenawo umoya, futhi ziqukethe kuphela izinto ezidingekayo: i-wok, i-cleaver, i-spatula, ne-cutting board.
Izinhlinzeko nemiklamo eyenziwa yiShayina ukuthi ayitholakali phakathi neminyaka yokuqala. Izithako ezimbalwa kuphela ezingasinda kuloluhambo olude lomkhumbi, njengama-noodle omisiwe, i-soy sauce nezinongo ezizotholakala. Ngisho nelayisi yayingakahleleki. Izithako ezibaluleke kakhulu azitholakali kalula kuze kube sekhulwini lama-20.
Ukuntuleka kwezithako eziyisisekelo ukulungiselela izindlela zokupheka kungase kube isizathu sokuba amaShayina angenzi umthelela omkhulu ekhiqizweni laseCaribbean. Ngokufanayo, la madoda ayenqikazi ukuvumelanisa nokuphila kwawo okusha futhi ashintshe ukuthanda kwabo izithako ezitholakalayo eziqhingini. Noma kunjalo, kwakukhona okunye okuhlukile. Bamukela ukusetshenziswa kweRamu ukuze bahambise izinyamazane futhi bakhetha ukulula kwebhodlela lamalahle ase-Afrika. Yenza ukulungiswa kokudla kulula futhi kuyashesha ngemva kosuku olude emasimini.
Iminyaka Ephakathi Kwangaphambili Yenkonzo:
Njengoba abafuduki baseShayina bahlala empilweni yabo entsha, abanye bavunyelwe ukugcina izakhiwo zegadi. Izinhlobonhlobo zemifino zibavumela ukuba benze izikhetho zabo ezigubhayo. Bavunyelwe ukuthengisa ngokweqile emakethe kanye ne-watercress ye-foraged kusuka emifudlana yasendaweni kanye nama-oysters avela emanzini. Kwezinye zeziqhingi, amaShayina avunyelwa ukuba ahlale ezindaweni zokuhlala lapho behlangana khona nomndeni, baxoxe ngolimi lwabo, futhi bagcine amasiko abo okulima nokudla okubandakanya ama-aks kanye nelayisi ekhulayo, nokukhulisa imfuyo.
Esinye isithako esanda kutholakala sasinyosi njengoba imboni yezinyosi eyakha yona eCaribbean.
Ubugqila obungenakunyaka bufinyeleleka futhi buphela ngo-1917, lapho uhulumeni waseBrithani evimbela ukuthutha kwabathengi abavela eNdiya njengezinceku. Abahambeli abaningi baseShayina abazange babuyele e-China ngoba babengenelungelo lokuthola inkululeko yokubuyisela mahhala noma usizo. Bahlala eziqhingini bahamba kancane kancane, behluleka ukuhweba nokudayisa amabhizinisi amancane.
Izithonya ezihlala njalo:
Umkhosi owodwa obalulekile eTrinidad uyifa le-Chinese. Usuku Lweshumi Neshumi luyisiholide sezwe ngosuku lweshumi lwenyanga yeshumi, eligubha ngokulungiswa kwezinyama ezibomvu zakwaShayina ezisuka enkathini kuya emahlathini. Leli holide likhumbula i-Wuchang Uprising eChina ngo-Okthoba 10, 1911. Lokhu kuvukela kwaphelisa umbuso we-Qing Dynasty futhi kwasungula iRiphabhulikhi yaseChina.
Ngemuva kokuvukela umbuso, abafuduki baseShayina, abengabahwebi nabathengisi, beza ngokuzithandela eTrinidad naseTobago futhi isikhumbuzo sihlala siyingxenye yesiko.
I-Chow Mein isidlo esaziwayo futhi esithandwa kahle eCaribbean. Yathandwa kakhulu ekuqaleni ngoba izithako ezimbili eziyisisekelo, ama-noodle kanye nesitokisi, zafinyeleleka kalula. Ama-noodle kwakuyi-carbohydrate eyinhloko kubantu baseShayina abafudukayo eziqhingini futhi okulula ukwenza. Amasheya ayenziwa ngamathambo nenyama yengulube futhi ngezikhathi ezithile amakhambi awakhipha usuku lonke.
Esinye isiShayina esithandwayo esithintekayo yi- pow - i-dumpling encane eyenziwe ngokugcwaliswa kwengulube, kodwa kulezi zinsuku ukugcwaliswa kungaba inkukhu, imifino noma into enhle. Lezi zinhlayiya ezihlwabusayo zisebenza kakhulu futhi zithatha isikhathi sokwenza, okubonisa ukuthi bekungewona ukuhamba kwansuku zonke. Cishe zazigcinwe izikhathi ezikhethekile.
Izinkomba:
Geddes, Bruce. I-Lonely Planet World Food Caribbean. I-Lonely Planet Publications, 2001. (Qhathanisa amanani)
Houston, uLynn Marie. Ukudla Amasiko e-Caribbean. I-Greenwood Publishing Group, 2005. (Qhathanisa amanani)
Mackie, uCristinel. Ukuphila nokudla eCaribbean. Abashicileli be-Ian Randle, Limited, 1995. (Qhathanisa amanani)