Umhlahlandlela womqambi we-Port Wine

Ngaphandle kokuba yiwayini elivelele kakhulu elivinjiwe, iPort inikeza ngomlando ophawulekayo nesifundo esikhulu se-geography esisodwa, sonke esilalini eyodwa. Ukuqonda i-Port, kuwumsebenzi obalulekile ukukwazi kancane umlando wayo ophoqelela, kanye nokuthi uyini nokuthi uqiniswe kanjani.

Ukunciphisa ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwezinhlobo ezahlukene zePort (okuyiRuby, i-Vintage, i-LBV) kanye nokubheja okungcono kakhulu ekukhonzeni nokulihlanganisa ngokudla kuphela engeza isipiliyoni se-Port Stellar.

Engeza kubakhiqizi abambalwa abanobuqotho nabokuthenjelwa esiteshini solwazi futhi uhlomile futhi ulungele ukubhekana nebhokisi lewayini elidumile kakhulu elivinjiwe emhlabeni, isiphuzo esisodwa esimnandi ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Umlando wePort

Yenziwe amakhulu eminyaka esifundeni esinamagagasi enyakatho-ntshonalanga yePortugal iProro Valley, iPort iyinwayini enezivikelo ezincike kakhulu emthonjeni othakazelisayo futhi ivela ngezindlela ezehlukene ezivela kuRuby Port osemusha kuya eTawnies asebekhulile, namaphakheji amaLate-Bottled Vintage kuze kube uhlamvu oluvelele ( kanye namanani ) weVintage Port.

I-Port yase-Port, nakuba ijwayele ukuhlotshaniswa nePortugal, inokweleta okungenani ingxenye yokwakhiwa kwayo eNgilandi njengomkhiqizo oqondile ( futhi oyiphundu ) we-Brits elwa neFrance ngekhulu le-17 nele-18. Ngokuyinhloko, iwayini laseNgilandi elithathwe ngesiNgisi ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-17 ngenxa yezingxabano eziqhubekayo futhi yaqala ukuvunguza iwayini labo elibomvu elivela ePortugal, eduze ne-bend yaseBordeaux (umkhiqizi ohlonishwayo othandweni lokuqala lwaseNgilandi, uClaret).

Baqala ukungeza i-brandy ye-brandy ewayini elisekhona ukuze bayisekele ngenkathi kubuyela eNgilandi. Lesi sengezo se-brandy sanikezela ukunikeza isibhakabhaka sibe iwayini ubuqili bokuthatha uhambo olude esikebheni esiqhaqhazelayo ngaphandle kokubhubhisa, kodwa futhi senza iwayini elimnandi kakhulu lapho lengeziwe ekuseni kakhulu ukuze lime ukuvutshelwa futhi lishiye amazinga ashukela ashona ekugcineni okuphezulu .

Ngenxa yalokho, amachweba abe nedumela lokuba uphuzo oludakayo, elibonakala lihle kakhulu, elinomzimba obuningi nangokwenyama kunamanye amawayini. Abathandi betizi ezicebile kanye nama-dessert ahloniphekile bayawazisa amachweba ahlanganisa ukuxhuma okuhlukahlukene nokukwazi ukukwazi ukusebenza njengedayisi ngokwayo.

Kuyini Port

Ipulazi lasePortugal ePortugal, elisekhoneni elingasenyakatho-ntshonalanga yezwe, iyindawo eyisihluthulelo se-viticultural yokukhula kwamagilebhisi omvu namhlophe amhlophe angaphakathi kuka-50 asetshenziselwa ukwenza iPort. Izithelo zomvini zendawo ezivame kakhulu ezithatha amabhodlela asePort ziyiTouriga Nacional (enikeza isakhiwo esivumelanayo), iTougaga Franca (enezela emaphethelweni amancane nge-velvety tanins), noTouga Roriz (umvini ovuthiwe ofanayo neStranillo waseSpain). Ngenkathi iningi lePort lenziwe ngamagilebhisi amavini abomvu, kukhona isigaba esingaziwa kakhulu esaziwa ngokuthi "i-White Port," njengoba igama lisho, lenziwe ngamagilebhisi amawayini amhlophe. Igama elithi "Port" lithathwe edolobheni lasePorto elisogwini, idolobha elikhulu lesiPortugal elikhulu kunazo zonke, elihle kakhulu emlonyeni woMlambo iDouro, lapho amakhulu eminyaka imikhumbi yomthengisi eyayithwala ama-casks ePort aqala uhambo lwawo lwasehlela e-England.

I-Port Made kanjani

I-Port iqala ukufana nezinye izivinini kuze kufike ekukhiqizeni inqubo.

Izithelo zomvini zivunwa ekwindla emva kwenkathi yempi enkulu emkhakheni wezakhi eziphansi, owomile womhlabathi we-schist emasimini aseDroro Valley izivini.

Ngokulandelayo, amagilebhisi acindezelwe ukuba akhiphe ijusi futhi aqale ukuvuthwa. Abakhiqizi abaningi basePort balamukela ukuhamba ngezinyawo, "Ngiyayithanda isitayela sikaLucy" emoyeni ovulekile Lagares (amatshe amakhulu amatshe noma amakhemikhali) ngokucindezela izithelo, nakuba eminyakeni yamuva ibone ukufika kwabathengi bezinsimbi, abafakwe ngezinyawo zomuntu, ukuthola indawo ebalulekile. Ngemuva kokuqothula, kufanele ukuba amagilebhisi aphephe, afaka yonke ijusi yamagilebhisi elisha, elinezinhlamvu, iziqu, namagilebhisi okuvuthwa izinsuku eziningana kuze kufike amazinga okuphuza azungeze u-7%.

Ngalesi sikhathi, iwayini elincane liqinisekiswe nge-brandy ukuletha inqubo yokuvutshelwa ukuyeka ngokungazelelwe, ngenkathi ithatha izithelo zewayini ezisha zezithelo ezintsha, nokuvimbela ushukela wamagilebhisi ukuqhubekela phambili ekuguqulweni kwabo kobuciko utshwala.

Lesi saziso sizoshiya amazinga ashukela ashiywe kakhulu kunamanje amaningi amawayini, ngokuvamile ku-range g g / L.

Okokugcina, i-batch ye-Baby Port iqhutshelwa emgodini omkhulu wama-oak ngokuvamile izinyanga ezingu-18 noma ukuguga. Ngomaki nonyaka, lezi zinsana ezincane zePort zihlanganiswa nezinye izingxenye eziningi zewayini lasePort ukuze zithole izakhi ezihambisanayo ezizoletha iwayini elimnandi ngezithelo ezichazwe kahle, isikhalazo somngane onobungane, nokulinganisela ngaphezulu. Kuleli qophelo, i-Port encane ingadluliselwa emabhodleleni ukuze igugile noma iqhubeke isikhathi esikhwameni ngokuya ngesitayela noluhlu lwezokukhiqizwa kwePort kule nqubo.

Izinhlobo zePort

Ngokubanzi, i-Port ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili ezihlukene: Izinkuni ezikhulile noma i-Bottle Aged. Amapayipi asezinkuni ajwayelekile ukulungele ukuthokoza, oklanyelwe ukuba adliwe ngenkathi esemncane. Ubuhle bebhodlela obudala, njengeVintage Port, bakhelwe ukuhamba ibanga, ngokuvamile okudinga enye iminyaka eyishumi noma amabili ukuba ikhule ngokugcwele.

I-Ruby Port

Ama-Ruby Ports, okuthiwa umbala wabo we-ruby ohlukile, amavini amancane, angafinyeleleka nge-fresh, izithelo ezigcwele izithelo kanye nobukhona obufanayo be-palate. Lezi vinini ziyizikebhe ezinobungozi, ezingena ezingeni lokungenwa, ezenziwe ngokuhlanganiswa kokubili kwamagilebhisi nama-vintages, aneminyaka engama-3 ubudala futhi ethandwa kakhulu ezimakethe zase-US. Ama-Ruby Ports ahloswe ukuba adliwe abasha futhi ajabulele ukuphazamiseka kokubili kokudla okuphawulekayo.

Ukudla Ukubambisana Ne-Ruby Port: Ushizi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ushokoledi ubisi, kanye nama-dessert asekelwe ngamaberry.

Abakhiqizi baseRuby Port: Cockburn, Croft, Graham's Six Grape, Nieport, Taylor Fladgate, Warre's

I-Tawny Port

I-Tawny Port iyinhlanganisela yamawayini amadala asevini, ebonisa umbala ocebile obala. I-Tawnies ijwayele ukulala eceleni kwe-spectrum. Njengoba ichweba eline-tawny ichitha isikhathi esiningi e-oak, umbala wayo uqala ukuphela kusuka ebomvu yerubhi kuze kube ngaphezulu kwe-ruby-orange noma "obomvu obomvu," ngokuvamile ufinyelele umbala ojulile wokuba umbala noma i-mahogany ngenkathi ukhula. Njengoba inqubo yokuguga iqhubeka, ukunambitheka kukaTawny kuyoba yinto enhle futhi ama-flavour ahlakulele ama-flavour ecebile amakhiwane, imithi kanye nemifunde eqhathaniswa nezithelo ezintsha ezitholakala kwiRuby Port.

Elebuli, iminyaka ijwayele ukukhethwa njenge-10, 20, noma engu-30. Lezi zinhlamvu zonyaka zihlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa okuvamile kwemigodi ehlukahlukene esetshenziselwa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Tawny Port, hhayi iminyaka eqondile iwayini liye lakhulile. Amachweba aseTawny afika ngezitayela ezintathu ezahlukene: I-Colheita, i-Crusted noma i-Age Indicated. I- Colheita Port ibhekwa njengeTawny Port eyenziwa ngamagilebhisi abo bonke abahlanganyela ngonyaka owodwa wokuvuna. Ngenkathi iPort ekhishwe yi-tawny engenalutho eyenza i-sediment ebonakalayo, "i-crust," futhi idinga ukunqunywa ngaphambi kokukhonza. Amapayipi aseTawny ayenziwe ngamagilebhisi asemagqabini asebekhulile eminyaka yobudala adluliselwa kuNgqayizivele ebizwa ngokuthi i- Age Tawny Port.

Ukudla Okubambisana NgamaThawny Port: Ushizi okhulile, ama-apula noma i-apula, izithelo ezomile, ubisi noma ushokoledi omnyama, i-cheesecake, i-tiramisu, ithanga noma i-pecan pie.

Abakhiqizi be-Tawny Port: iminyaka engu-20 ka-Cockburn, iminyaka engu-10 ka-Dow, iminyaka engu-20 ka-Graham, iminyaka engu-10 ka-Taylor Fladgate, iminyaka engu-10 ye-Warre's Otima

I-Port yaseVintage

I-Port Vintage iPort eyenziwe ngamagilebhisi ahlanganisiwe, ngokuvamile avela ezivini ezihlukahlukene, ezivela kumnyaka owodwa wokuvuna. Ngokomlando, amachweba amavini amemezelwa njalo eminyakeni emithathu kuya kweyishumi ngokwesilinganiso. Izithelo zomvini ezinhle kakhulu, ezivela ezivini ezinhle kakhulu eminyakeni engcono kakhulu, zihlangana ndawonye ukudala iVintage Port yekhwalithi. Lezi zichweba ngokuvamile zichitha izinyanga ezingaba ngu-6 e-oki bese zihamba zingena emabhodleleni ukuze zigugile. Lokhu kuguga kwendabuko kuyafana nakweminye iminyaka engama-20 noma ngaphezulu! Njengomphumela oqondile wokuguga isikhathi eside, ubude obukhulu obukhulu bezingqimba zomzimba ezidinga ukuguqulwa kanye nokuhle okuncane okumele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Uma iRuby Ports ingamaPort-level, ama-Vintage Ports abamele i-echelon engenhla kokubili ngesitayela nangezindleko. Isigaba esivamile ukuphutha ngegama elithi "Vintage Port" yilona "I-Bottled Vintage Vintage" Port (LBV) . Lesi sitayela esithile sePort senziwa ngamagilebhisi avela kumvini owodwa, kodwa uneminyaka engama-4 kuya kwengu-6 kuphela e-oak ngaphambi kokuba ibhaliswe futhi ikhishwe. I-Port Late Bottled Vintage Port idume kakhulu e-UK namuhla.

Ukudla Ukubambisana Nge-Vintage Port: I- Blue and Stilton ushizi, ama-alimondi kanye nama-walnuts, ushokoledi kanye nama-dessert asekelwe nge-chocolate kanye nama-dessert-aphethwe.

Abakhiqizi be-Port Port: Cockburn, Churchill, Dow, Fonseca, Graham, Sandeman, Taylor Fladgate, Warres

I-White Port

Njengoba leli gama lisho ukuthi, i-White Port itholakala kuhlukahluka kwamagilebhisi amhlophe futhi kungenziwa kokubili okomile kakhulu izitayela ezinomsoco. I-White Port isivame uketshezi emlonyeni futhi igcwele ngokugcwele kunezinye iwayini ezimhlophe eziqinile. Ngokuvame ukukhonza njengesiphakamiso, leli Port liye lazuza umusa ngokuthi "gin" esikhundleni lapho esebenza "Port and Tonic" emadwaleni.

Ukugcina nokukhonza Port

Amachweba amancane kufanele agcinwe ezinhlangothini zawo, endaweni epholile, epholile njengabafana babo bewayini. AmaRuby namaTawny Tawny alungele ukuphuza kanye akhululwe futhi angagcinwa eqondile noma ezinhlangothini zawo. Kanye Amachweba avuliwe angahlala kusukela ngosuku (iVintage Port) kuya emavikini amaningana amaRuby Ports nezinyanga eziningana zeTawny Port . Lapho ukhonza ePort, zama ukugcina ukushisa kokukhonza cishe kuzinga-60-65 degrees. Ukukhonza i-Port yewayini nge-chill kancane kuyophakamisa i-aromatics futhi igxile ezingxenyeni ezingenasithelo nezithelo.

Namuhla, izihumusho ezihlukahlukene zePort zenziwa ngaphandle kwePortugal emazweni amaningana akhiqiza iwayini. Kodwa-ke, lezi zichweba zivame ukwenziwa kusuka kumagilebhisi ahlwanyelwe futhi ngokuvamile ayinalo ukujula nokusabalalisa okuphawulekayo okuza neyokuqala. I-Portuguese Port eyiqiniso ikhethwe ngokuthi "Porto" ebhokisini lebhodlela.