Uketshezi kokudla akumelwe neze kube kwimenyu
Ngaphambi kokupheka inyama, noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesilwane, kufanele uthole ukuthi izinga lokushisa langaphakathi kufanele linikwe inyama ukuze idliwe ngokuphepha.
Ukushisa Okuphephile
Ukudla akufanele kubanjwe emazingeni okushisa phakathi kwama-40 no-140 F. Kungenxa yokuthi amabhaktheriya amaningi azokhiqiza ngokujabulisayo kulolo hlu. Ikhiqiza kancane kancane, uma kunjalo, ngaphansi kuka-40 F nangaphezulu kuka-140 F. Kodwa phawula, amazinga okushisa lapho ama-bacteria abulawa khona ahlukahluka ngokusho kwe-microbe.
Isibonelo, i-salmonella ibulawa ngokushisa ku-131 F ngehora elilodwa, ama-140 degrees ngehora lesigamu, noma ukushisa ku-167 F imizuzu engu-10. Uma kuziwa ekubulaleni izincane ezincane, kokubili izinga lokushisa nesikhathi kuthinta ukulinganisa.
Kukhona futhi inkinga lapho kutholakala khona ukungcola. U-E-coli uhlala emaphethelweni emathunjini emathunjini - hhayi inyama. Futhi ingozi ukuthi ekuhlaseleni inkomo noma inkukhu, ezinye zezinto ezikuyo emathunjini emathumbu zingangcolisa inyama ebonakalayo. Yingakho kuphephile kakhulu ukusesha i-steak phezu kokushisa okuphezulu futhi usaludla okungavamile noma okungajwayelekile (125 kuya ku-135 F). Yingakho inyama yonke imisiwe kufanele iphekwe emazingeni angu-160 - ngoba inyama yangaphandle kanye nenyama yangaphakathi zixutshwe ndawonye ngesikhathi sokugaya.
I-Trichinosis, okuyi-parasite ene-multi-celled hhayi i-bacterium, ihlala emisipha futhi igxume ngaphandle, ithi, isikhumba senyama yengulube ngeke sibulale noma yiziphi izilwane ezinyama, nakuba zizonambitha kangcono.
I-Trichinosis ibulawa ngo-135 F, ngakho-ke kuphephile ukudla ingulube uma kuphekwe okungenani 140 noma 145 F. I-Salmonella ingase futhi ihlale inyama yenkukhu, ngakho ukupheka inkukhu kanye ne-turkey okungenani 160 F kuyinto ehlakaniphile. I-Salmonella ingabuye ihlale amaqanda ngakho-ke kukhona ingozi ngamaqanda abilisiwe, ama-omelets, namaqanda aqhephukile uma kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yeqanda eshiywe ingasetshenziswanga, njenge-yolk.
Kuphephile ukupheka inyama nemifino emazingeni okushisa aphansi isikhathi eside noma amazinga okushisa aphezulu ngezikhathi ezimfushane. Futhi cishe njalo kuphephile ukusesha inyama ngaphezu kokushisa okukhulu ngaphambi kokupheka ngesikhathi esingaphansi. Ukupheka kokushisa okuphansi kokubili kokubhakabhaka nokukhwabanisa, kuwumqondo omuhle ukunambisa inyama kuqala ekushiseni okuphezulu-cishe 350 F - bese ulandela iresiphi yokupheka ekushiseni okuphansi isikhathi eside.
Isisindo Sobuthi
Kodwa ukushisa yedwa akuyona kuphela into ekuvikeleni ukudla kwesifo. Kukhona nesici sobuthe. Amanye amabhaktheriya asuke enobuthi obukhulu kunezinye, kanti ezinye izifo ezinobuthi zihlala nxazonke ngemuva kokuba amabhaktheriya efile. Abantu abaningi abanamasosha omzimba anempilo bangakwazi ukufaka kancane i-salmonella noma i-listeria futhi izinhlelo zabo zizozibulala ngaphandle kokubona. Kodwa i-botulism ye-botulism ayinamandla futhi ayingozi, futhi ngisho nomthamo omncane we-bacteria ungaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. I-botulism iyenzeka ikakhulukazi emakethe angenalutho kodwa angabonakala emasothini okuzenzela . Ungalokothi uthathe ithuba kulokho okungase kube ne-botulism.
USDA Izinkombandlela Zokuphepha Zokudla
Uma ufuna ukuphepheka ngokweqile, landela imihlahlandlela yokuphepha ye-USDA bese upheka konke okungenani ama-degrees angu-160.
Futhi, ungalokothi ubambe ukudla okushisayo ngezansi kwe-140 F, nokudla okupholile okuyokwenza ukufrijiza ngokushesha okungenani ama-degrees angu-40.