Izindlela zokupheka eziningi zokulondolozwa, kufaka phakathi amakhemikhali kanye nama-jellies ikakhulukazi, shayela ukwengeza kwe-pectin. Ngakho yini i-pectin, noma kunjalo, futhi kungani yingxenye ebalulekile yokulondoloza?
I-Pectin iyisitashi (i-heteropolysaccharide, uma kufanele wazi) eyenzeka ngokwemvelo ezindongeni zeseli zezithelo nemifino. Empeleni, empeleni, yilokho into ebanika isakhiwo. Uma kuphekwe ukushisa okuphezulu (220 F) ngokuhlanganiswa ne-asidi noshukela, kwakha i-gel.
Yilokho okwenza i-jams ne-jellies zibekwe lapho zipholile. I-Pectin ingasetshenziswa kwezinye izitsha ezidinga ukudla ku-gel noma ukugaya. Ibuye isetshenziswe njengengxenye ye-fat kwezinye izimpahla eziphekwe.
Yenziwe Ngezithelo
Ezinye izithelo, njenge-apula kanye ne- quince , ngokwemvelo ziphakeme kakhulu ku-pectin; yingakho beqinile kakhulu. Izinduku, imbewu, kanye nezinambuzane zezithelo ze-citrus nazo ziphakeme kakhulu ku-pectin - kufika ku-30% isisindo. Yingakho ama- marmalades akhiwa kusuka ku-citrus. (Into ejabulisayo: Igama elithi "marmalade" livela kuma- marmelada asePutukezi, okuyi- quince okunamathiselwe, etholakala emarmelo , ye-quince. Kwaze kwaze kwafika ngekhulu le-17 eNgilandi ukuthi izimbali zitholakala ngokwanele ukuze zithole incazelo yegama. ) Ama-pectin ezentengiselwano ngokuvamile ayenziwa ngamagundane ase-citrus.
Ezinye izithelo, ikakhulukazi ezivuthiwe kakhulu, zingaphansi kwe-pectin. Cabanga ama-strawberries nama-raspberries, awela kalula. Ngenxa yalezi zithelo, ngaphandle kwe-pectin eyengeziwe, ukuthola isethi kungadinga ukungeza ushukela oluningi, ukupheka isikhathi eside kakhulu, noma kokubili.
Uma ubheka ukwenza i- jelly izithelo ezifana ne-strawberries enezela i-pectin enye indlela engcono yokwengeza ushukela owedlula. Ukwengeza i-pectin akufanele ishintshe ngokucacile ukunambitheka.
Ukuze uthole ukuthi i-pectin ingakanani isithelo sakho, zama lokhu kuhlolwa. Hlanganisa isipuni esisodwa sokusanhlamvu utshwala kanye nesipuni esisipuni sejusi lakho lesithelo.
Uma iqala ukuqina, iphezulu ku-pectin. Uma iba yinto evulekile, inqwaba ye-gelatin, iphakathi kwesikali se-pectin. Uma ingabeki, noma ifake ama-gel we-gel, iphansi ku-pectin.
Amafomu we-Pectin
Uhlobo luni lwe-pectin osebenzisa ngayo izinto. I-pectin eyomile ivela ngamafomu amaningi, afanelana nesamba ushukela ku-iresiphi. I-pectin ye-liquid ifana ne-pectin eyomile njalo kodwa ingakaqedwa ukuze igweme ukugoqa. I-Pomona's Pectin iyinhlangano ethandwayo yohlu olubizwa ngokuthi i-methoxyl pectin ephansi, ehlanganisa ne-calcium kunokushukela ukudala isethi, futhi kuhle ukugcina okuphansi noma akukho-ushukela. Futhi ungenza ngisho ne-pectin yakho, usebenzisa i- citrus noma ama-apula .
Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-pectin luziphatha ngokuhlukile, ngakho-ke kungcono ukulandela iresiphi oyisebenzisayo. Uma uthola iqoqo elinzima kakhulu noma elithambile, ungahle ulungise amanani ngokufanele. Kwezinye izimo, izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-pectin zingasuswa endaweni, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kanjani nokuthi kanjani.