Imisebenzi, Izinhlobonhlobo, Amathiphu Okugcina Nokuningi
Ushukela omhlophe ungomunye wabathandekayo abathandwa kakhulu asetshenziselwa amakhishi aseMelika namuhla. Kusukela ezintweni ezibhaka ukuphuza, lokhu kumnandi kunenhloso yonke kuye kwaba yintandokazi amakhulu eminyaka. Kodwa yini ushukela omhlophe?
Ishukela elimhlophe yi-sucrose ekhishwe ekhishwa noma i-sugar beet. Ngemva kokuvuna umoba noma ushukela we-sugar beet, i-juice isusiwe bese isilisiwe ukuze ususe umswakama. Njengoba umswakama wehlisa, i-sucrose yemvelo ejusi iqala ukukhanya.
Ushukela okhanyisiwe ususwe, ushiye ezinye izitshalo ngemuva kwe- molasses .
Imisebenzi ye-Sugar
Ushukela awuniki nje kuphela ubumnandi ezindaweni ezibhaka kanye neziphuzo, kodwa kusiza ekusebenzeni okubalulekile kwamakhemikhali okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokupheka nokupheka.
I-Sugar inikeza ukukhwabanisa okungeyona enzymatic yokudla nge- caramelization nokuphendula kwe-maillard . I-Caramelization ivela lapho ukushisa kwehlisa ushukela futhi kudala umbala wegolide nobumnandi. Ukusabela kwe-maillard kwenzeka lapho ama-amino acids kuma-protini asabela ngoshukela ngaphambi kokushisa, futhi enza umbala omuhle wegolide nokuvutha okunzima.
I-Sugar i-hydroscopic, okusho ukuthi idonsela umswakama. Ukutholakala ushukela ezitokisini eziphekwe kanye nokunye ukudla kusiza ukugcina umswakama, ukugcina kube lula futhi kuphelile.
Izinhlobo ze-Sugar White
I-Coarse Grain (ushukela wokuhlobisa, ushukela we-pearl): Lawa makristalu amakhulu ashukela asetshenziselwa ukubukeka kwawo okuhlobisa futhi avame ukufafaza phezu kwezinto ezibhaka kanye ne-candy ukuze uphuze okwedlulele.
Ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali lala ushukela kufana nokudla ushukela. Umehluko kuphela phakathi kwalaba ababili ubukhulu be-crystal.
I-Granulated Sugar (ushukela etafuleni): Le shukela enenjongo yonke iyinhlobo ejwayelekile kunazo zonke ushukela omhlophe. Isilinganiselwa kalula futhi ihlakazeka kahle phakathi kweziphuzo nezinye iziphuzo.
I-Caster Sugar ( ushukela okhulu kakhulu ): I- Caster inesayizi encane encane kune-sugar granulated, okwenza kube lula ukuqothula zibe iziphuzo nezinye izingxube.
I-Caster ushukela ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-meringues, ama-mousses, kanye ne-custards. I-Caster ushukela ingenziwa ekhaya ngokusheshisa ushukela ovamile wetafula ku-processor yokudla.
I-Sugar Confectioners ( ushukela oluyimpuphu ): Le ushukela uye waqothulwa waba yi-powder omuhle. I-anti-caking agent, efana ne-calcium phosphate noma i-cornstarch, ivame ukungezwa ukuze ivimbele ukungena. Ngenxa yokuthi ichitheka cishe ngaso leso sikhathi eziketshezi, ushukela we-confectioners luwusizo kakhulu emifanekisweni, ama-syrups, namanye ama-dessert.
I-Lump Sugar (ama-cubes ashukela): I- sugar pulp ishukela ejwayelekile emathebula amhlophe aphikisiwe abe yizinyosi zokulinganisa okulula. I-lump ishukela nama- sugar cubes ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa iziphuzo ezifana nekhofi kanye netiyi. Ukwakheka kwe-cube noma i-cube ngokuvamile kubanjwe ndawonye ngesamba esincane sesiraphu ishukela.
Indlela Yokugcina Ushukela
Ngenxa yokuthi ushukela u-hydroscopic, noma uthando lwamanzi, kubalulekile ukugcina ushukela esitsheni esiqinile. Umswakama emoyeni ungangenwa ushukela, okwenza kube khona flavour. Lapho umswakama ubanjwe ushukela, awukwazi ukukhishwa. I-Sugar ayisekeli ukukhula kwe-microbial ngakho-ke inokuphila okungenamkhawulo weshalofu uma igcinwe uphawu endaweni epholile, eyomile.