I-Maghreb: I-Jewel yaseNyakatho Afrika
Ngasogwini olusenyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika entshonalanga ye-Egypt lihlala esifundeni saseMaghreb, indawo elawulwa ama-Arabhu kusukela ngekhulu le-8. Ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwesizwe samanje esesifundazweni ekhulwini lama-20 leminyaka, iMaghreb yachazwa njengendawo encane phakathi kweLwandle iMedithera nasezintabeni zase-Atlas. Namuhla, i-Maghreb iqukethe iMorocco, i-Libya, i-Algeria, i-Tunisia, ne-Mauritania futhi iphinde ibe ngamaphesenti ayisilinganiso yabantu bomhlaba.
Iningi labantu abahlala esifundeni saseMaghreb bazibheka njenge-Arabhu, kodwa kukhona nenani elikhulu lama-non-Arab, njengeBerbers, ababiza iMaghreb ekhaya labo.
Ulimi Namasiko ku-Maghreb
Ulimi lwesifunda saseMaghreb ngokuyinhloko lu-Arabhu. Ukuze asize ebhizinisini nasentengisini, nokho, amanye amazwe nawo akhuluma isiFulentshi, isiNtaliyane nesiNgisi. Njengombana iMaghreb ihlukaniswe neenarheni ze-Atlas ne-Sahara, i-Maghreb ihlukaniswe ne-Atlas Mountains ne-Sahara desert, abantu abaye bahlala emaphethelweni asenyakatho wesifunda banomlando wobudlelwane bezamabhizinisi namasiko namazwe aseMedithera kufaka hlangana nesewula IYurophu ne-Western Asia. Eqinisweni, lezo zindabuko zibuyele emuva kuze kube sekupheleni kwenkulungwane yokuqala BC kanye nekholomu laseFenike laseCarthage. Khona-ke ekhulwini le-19 leminyaka, izindawo zeMaghreb zahlanganiswa yiFrance, iSpain, ngisho ne-Italy, eyayinemiphumela ehlala njalo esifundeni futhi iyaqhubeka nokudala ubudlelwane bamasiko.
Ngokwesibonelo, namuhla abafuduki baseMighrebi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezimbili nengxenye bahlala eFrance (ikakhulukazi base-Algeria naseMorocco) futhi kunezizwe ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu zaseFrance ezivela kuMaghrebi.
Namuhla inkolo eyinhloko yeMaghreb iyinhlangano engamaSulumane amakhulu, kanti kuphela inani eliyingcosana labantu eliyikholo lobuKristu noma lamaJuda.
Kodwa ngokomlando, lesi sifundazwe samukele amalungu alowo nalowo mfundiso, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yemibuso enqobayo nokuguqulwa okulandelayo. Ekhulwini lesibili leminyaka, amaRoma ayeguqula ingxenye enkulu ebuKristwini. Ukubusa kobuKristu kwaphela ngokuhlasela kwama-Arabhu okwaletha amaSulumane eMaghreb ngekhulu lesikhombisa. I-Maghreb yayikhona futhi ngesikhathi esisodwa emzini wakwaJuda obizwa ngokuthi iMaghrebim. Le miiphakathi yamaJuda isandulela ukuguqulwa kwesifunda ku-Islam, futhi inamba encane yemiphakathi yamaJuda isaphila.
Izinhlelo zezombusazwe zamazwe aseMagheb nazo zifanayo. I-Algeria, i-Mauritania neTunisia bonke banamengameli, kanti iMorocco inenkosi. I-Libya ayikho isihloko esihlelekile somholi wayo. Ngo-1989, i-Mauritania, iMorocco, iTunisia, iLibya ne-Algeria yakha i-Maghreb Union eyayisetshenziselwa ukukhuthaza ukubambisana nokuhlanganiswa komnotho phakathi kwezizwe. Kodwa le nyunyana yayihlala isikhathi esifushane futhi manje iqhwa. Ukuhlukunyezwa, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwe-Algeria neMorocco, kwaphakama futhi lezo zingxabano zavimbela impumelelo yemigomo yezinyunyana.
Ukudla ku-Maghreb
Ngenkathi emazweni aseMaghreb ehlanganyela amasiko amaningi amasiko, okukodwa okusobala kakhulu isiko labo elihlanganyelwe culinary.
Phakathi kwalezi zinkolelo ezabelwana ngazo ukusetshenziswa komswakama njengento yokudla okuyisisekelo okuphambene nokusetshenziswa kwelayisi omhlophe, okuthandwa kakhulu ngamasiko aseMpumalanga ye-Arabhu. Ukwengeza, lezi zizwe zihlanganyela emakethe, okubili okuyi-pieceware yokupheka kanye nesitayela sokupheka. Ngenxa yesimo se-Maghreb esifundeni selokhu, kulo lonke umlando, kuhlotshaniswa eduze nezwe laseMedithera. Izinongo nama-flavour ezivela e-Italy naseSpain ziye zahlunga zibe yi-Maghreb cuisine, zihlanganisa ne-imifino, inyama kanye nezilwane zasolwandle ezihlala esifundeni esogwini. Nakuba lesi sifundazwe sabelana ngalezi zinkolelo zokutholwa, izwe ngalinye lihlala ligcina ukunambitheka kwalo nesitayela.