Ukuqonda Imithetho Ebekelwe Ukuqapha Kosher
Imithetho ye- kashrut nayo ebizwa ngokuthi imithetho yamaJuda yokudla, iyisisekelo somkhosi wama-kosher. Le mithetho yafakwa kuTorah futhi yacaciswa ku-Talmud. Igama lesiHeberu elithi "kasher" ngokwezwi nezwi lisho "ukulingana," futhi imithetho ye-kosher iyazikhathalela ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okubhekwa njengokufanelekile ukuba kudle. Labo abagcina i-kosher balandela imithetho yamaJuda yokudla.
Ngisho noma imithetho eyisisekelo yeBhayibheli ye-kosher ingaguquki, ochwepheshe babosabbi bayaqhubeka becabangela futhi bahumushe ukuthi kusho ukuthini kanye nokusebenza okusebenzayo kwemithetho yokudla yamaJuda ekuphenduleni ukuthuthukiswa okusha kwezokukhiqizwa kokudla okukhiqizayo.
Ukuqhathaniswa nobubanzi bomhlaba wesimanje sokudla kuye kwavula indlela yokwenza umshini wokuqinisekisa izakhamuzi ezinamandla, ohlinzeka abakhiqizi bokudla, izikhungo zokunakekelwa kokudla kanye nabaphathi bemikhiqizo nokuhlolwa kokukhiqiza, futhi kusiza abathengi ukuba babone ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okuxoshwayo ngokusiza izimpawu zokuhweba lokho kuchaza isimo sokuqinisekiswa kokudla okuqinisekisiwe.
Imithetho yokudla yamaJuda ichaza imithetho yokukhetha imikhiqizo yezilwane ezingcolile, kuhlanganise nokuvinjelwa kwezinto ezibhekwa njengezilwane "ezingcolile" nokuxuba inyama kanye nobisi. Imithetho iphinde ichaze lokho okubhekwa njengokungathi "kokungathathi hlangothi" (ukuhanjiswa).
Imikhiqizo yezilwane
Ukuze kucatshangelwe ukuthi i-kosher, izilwane kumelwe ziwele kwesinye sezigaba ezilandelayo, futhi zihlangabezane nezimfuneko ezithile.
- Izilwane ezithile zingase zingadli nhlobo. Lezi zihlanganisa izingulube, i- shellfish , onogwaja kanye nezilwane ezinwabuzelayo.
- Izidumbu ezinamahlumela ahlukaniswe futhi zihlambalaza, (kuhlanganise izinkomo, izimvu, izimbuzi, izinyoni, nezinyamazane) ziyadliwa.
- Inhlanzi kumele ibe nezinhlawulo nezikali ezikhishwayo okufanele zicatshangelwe njengezingcingo.
- Izinhlobo ezithile zezinyoni ze-kosher zifakwe ohlwini lwe-Torah, kodwa kukhona okungaqondakali mayelana nezidingo izinyoni okumelwe zihlangane ukuze zibhekwe njengezingcingo. Ngokuvamile, izinyoni zenyamazane azixoshi.
- Ubisi namaqanda ezisuka ezilwaneni zase-kosher ziyadliwa. Amaqanda kumele ahlolwe ngokujwayelekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi aqukethe igazi, elingaxoshwa.
Ezilwaneni ezingadliwa, izinyoni nezilwane ezincelisayo kumelwe zihlatshwe ngokuvumelana nomthetho wamaJuda, inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i- shechita . Izingxenye ezithile zezilwane ezivunyelwe zingadliwa. Kanti futhi, igazi kufanele litshalwe emanzini noma likhishwe ngaphakathi ngaphambi kokudliwa.
Inyama Namafutha
Noma yimuphi inyama (inyama yezinyoni nezilwane ezincelisayo) ayikwazi ukudliwa ngopisi. Izitsha eziye zathintana nenyama (ngenkathi zishisa) kungenzeka zingasetshenziselwa ubisi kanye nokuphambene nalokho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitsha eziye zahlangana nokudla okungeyona-kosher (ngenkathi kushisa) kungenzeka zingasetshenziselwa ukudla kosher .
Pareve Foods
Ukudla okukhethile kuhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu: inyama, ubisi kanye nokudla. Ukudla okuphawulwayo kubhekwa njengokungathathi hlangothi futhi kungadliwa ngobisi noma inyama.
- Zonke izithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu, i-pasta, amantongomane, ubhontshisi kanye ne-legumes ziyaxoshwa. Kodwa-ke, phawula ukuthi ngaphandle kohlobo oluthile lwezinhlobo zezinkumbi, izimbungulu azikwenzeki. Ngenxa yalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo nemifino ethile manje sekubhekwa njengengxabano emibuthanweni ethile yama-Orthodox, ngaphezu kokukhathazeka mayelana nokukhulelwa kwezinambuzane.
- Amaqanda, izithelo, imifino kanye nezinhlamvu zibhekwa njengento eqondile , noma engathathi hlangothi, futhi zingadliwa nenyama noma ubisi. Inhlanzi nayo ibhekwa njengento eqondile , kodwa amanye amaJuda angama-kosher awapheki noma adle izinhlanzi ngenyama.
- Imikhiqizo yamagilebhisi (kubandakanya ijusi newayini) kumele ikhishwe amaJuda ukuze kucatshangelwe ukuthi ingabhekwa.