AbaseSpain bajabulela ukuphuza uBrandy de Jerez , futhi babe nezibalo zokukufakazela. Ngo-2008, amabhodlela angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-64 athengiswa, futhi kulabo, izigidi ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-36 zathengiswa eSpain! Njengamanje, amabhodlela angaba yizigidi ezingu-80 akhiqizwa ngonyaka, okuyizigidi ezingama-20 ezithunyelwa kuwo. Njengoba kunamazinga aphezulu okusetshenziswa, akumangalisi ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwe-brandy eSpain kunomlando omude.
AbaseSpain sebekhiqiza imimoya e-distilled kusukela abaMorusi beletha ubuchwepheshe bokuphuza izidakamizwa baya eSenhloneni yase-Iberia ngonyaka ka-711 AD.
Nakuba amaMorse ayevinjelwe inkolo yawo ekuphuzeni utshwala, basebenzisa udoti oludakiwe ukuze bakhiqize amakha, kanye nezinhloso zokwelapha. Ngekhulu le-16, i-brandy yayikhiqizwa ngobuningi endaweni yaseJerez, futhi ngekhulu le-18 yayithunyelwa emhlabeni jikelele.
Namuhla, i- brandy engu- 95% ekhishwe eSpain yiBrandy de Jerez , (Brandy evela eJerez) futhi ivikelwe yi-DO (iDenomination of Origin). Ikhishwa kuphela esifundeni saseJerez eSpain saseSpain; unombala ocebile we-amber, nokuqukethwe kotshwala phakathi kwama-36 no-40 degrees. I-Jerez , elihunyushwe ngesiNgisi ngokuthi "uSherry," yigama lazo zombili isifunda newayini okukhiqizwa khona.
I-Brandy de Jerez ikhiqizwa ngewayini eyenziwe ngamagilebhisi ase-Airen nasePalomino. Ikhulile e-sherry casks, ebizwa ngokuthi i- botas , eyenziwe nge- oak yaseMelika . Lezi zinhlayiya kumele zisetshenziselwe ukudala iminyaka engu-3 iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba zisetshenziselwe ukudala i-brandy.
Uhlobo lwe-sherry oluthathe i-cask luzokwenza umbala, ukunambitheka, nephunga lomkhiqizo. Isibonelo, i-cask eyasetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza i- fino sherry izokhiqiza i-brandy ephawulekayo kune-cask eyayisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza i- Amontillado noma i- Oloroso . Ikhulile kuphela emadolobheni aseJerez de la Frontera, e-Puerto de Santa María, naseSanúcar de Barrameda.
Ngokusho kwe- Consejo Regulador kaBrandy de Jerez (uMkhandlu oLawulayo), ukuze uthole ilitha elilodwa le-brandy, kubalulekile ukuchitha amalitha amane ewayini.
I-Criaderas y Soleras System
Isistimu esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-sherries nama-brandi eSpain abizwa ngokuthi yi- Criaderas y Soleras futhi isebenza kanje; ingxenye ye-brandy ikhishwa kuma-casks njalo, futhi lezi ziqhumiso zibizwa ngokuthi i- sacas . I-brandy ekhishwe isetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa amanye amakhaksi, futhi inqubo yokugcwalisa yaziwa njenge- rocios . I- sacas ne- rocios zenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngokuya kumkhiqizi, le nqubo ingenzeka njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-4 kuya kwezingu-5, noma eminyakeni engu-1 kuya kwemibili.
Ngokuvamile, inqubo ye- Criaderas y Soleras imisebenzi enjengale:
- Amakhonksi ngokuvamile anezintathu eziphezulu. Kusuka emgqeni ongemuva, obizwa ngokuthi i- Solera , ingxenye yesine yezinto eziqukethwe isusiwe ukuze uphuze.
- Inani elilinganayo lisuswe emakhakheni emgqeni wesibili, okuthiwa yi- Crial 1st , futhi ithululelwe emasokisi emgqeni ongezansi.
- Kusukela emgqeni ophezulu, okuthiwa yi- Criadera , inani elilinganayo lisuswe futhi lathelwa emgqeni wesibili. I-casks emgqeni ophezulu bese igcwele iwayini elisha.
Lolu hlelo olulula lokuxuba omdala nolusha ludala umkhiqizo ohambisanayo futhi ohambisanayo. I-Spanish ithi iwayini elidala, eliphakeme kakhulu noma i-brandy "lifundisa" iwayini elisha, elisha noma i-brandy.
Izinhlobo ze-Brandy yaseSpain
- I-Brandy de Jerez Solera - I- Brandy encane kunazo zonke, iseneminyaka engama-1 ubudala futhi inomusa omuhle.
- I-Brandy de Jerez Solera Reserva - Le brandy iseneminyaka engu-3 ubudala.
- I-Brandy de Jerez Solera Gran Reserva - Lona uphawu oludala kunazo zonke, oludala iminyaka engu-10.
Amabhizinisi aseSpain Brandy
Kunomkhiqizi ongaphezu kuka-30 weBrandy de Jerez eSpain futhi abafundi abaningi sebevele bajwayele omunye wemikhiqizo, noma okungenani uphawu lomkhiqizo; inkomo emnyama. Lezi zinkunzi ezinkulu ezinomnyama eziye zaphazamisa amazwe aseSpain amashumi eminyaka zaqala ukukhangisa ngaphandle kwe-brandy Veterano , eyakhiwe yi-Osborne. Le nkunzi isalokhu ifanekisela uphawu lwe-Osborne futhi seliyisithonjana senkcubeko yaseSpain.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi kakhulu ze-brandy ezizofakwa kuhlu lapha, kodwa eziningana zezinhlobo ezinkulu ezikhona ngaphakathi naseSpain yizo:
- U-Alvaro Domecq uveza i-Fundador neDuque de Veragua
- I-Osborne ikhiqiza ama-brandi angu-14, kuhlanganise noCarlos I, uCarlos I Imperial, uCarlos III, Magno, uToro
- U-Gonzalez Byass ukhiqiza izinhlobo eziningana ezehlukene ngaphansi kwelebula leLepanto, kanye nezinye izinto
- UWilliams & Humbert uveza ama-brandies amahlanu, kuhlanganise noDuque de Alba