Owesifazane ode, oyalayo, u-Edna Lewis naye wayeyindoda enkulu ezweni lokugaya kanye nokuphila. Umzukulu wezigqila ezikhululiwe, u-Edna wayezokhula njengomkhandi omkhulu, ummeli wezolimo, futhi unakekele ukupheka kwangempela kwaseNingizimu. Uzogqugquzela isizukulwane sabapheki abasha futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izintambo zendabuko zaseNingizimu azikhohliwe. Ngaphezu kokupheka okunemakhono, u-Edna Lewis wathinta ukuphila kwalabo abakuzungezile ngomusa nobuhle bokuphila.
Wafa ngo-2006 eneminyaka engu-89.
Ubuntwana
U-Edna Lewis wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 13, 1916, eFreetown, eVirginia. Wayengomunye wabantwana abangu-8. I-Freetown yindawo encane yasemaphandleni eyasungulwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 yizigqila ezintathu ezikhululekile, omunye owayengumkhulu kaL Lewis. Umkhulu wakhe naye waqala isikole sokuqala eFreetown. Amakilasi ayegcinwe egumbini lakhe lokuphumula.
Izifundo zokupheka zakuqala
U-Lewis wathola amakhono akhe okupheka kanye nothando lokusungula nokukhula kwesikhashana okukhulayo eFreetown, lapho izinto ezinjalo zaziyingxenye yokuphila. Wafunda okuningi ekuphekeni kwakhe kukanina kaJenny. Basebenzisa isitofu esithunywe ngamapulangwe kuzo zonke ukupheka kwabo futhi kwakungadingeki ukuba balinganise izinkezo noma izilinganiso, ngakho-ke, basebenzisa izinhlamvu zemali, befaka i-powder baking kwi-pennies, usawoti on dimes, kanye baking soda on nickels. U-Lewis kuthiwa uye wakwazi ukutshela ukuthi ikhekhe lenziwe nje ngokulalela.
Ukusuka Idolobhana elincane ukuya eNew York City
U-Lewis washiya uFreetown eneminyaka engu-16, ngemva kokufa kukayise, wathuthela eWashington futhi ekugcineni waya eNew York City.
Imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala eNew York City yayihlanganisa ukufaka impahla e-laundromat kanye nesisebenzi se-Daily Worker. Wayebandakanyeka emibonisweni yezombangazwe futhi wamkhankaso kuMongameli uFranklin D. Roosevelt.
Ukupheka kuka-Edna Lewis Kuba Yijaji
E-New York, ukupheka kukaL Lewis kwamenza umlando wendawo. Ngo-1948, lapho abapheki besifazane bebancane abapheki abesilisa abamnyama bebancane kakhulu, Lewis wavula indawo yakhe yokudlela noJohn Nicholson, umthengisi we-antique nomthengisi we-bohemian onothando lomphakathi ophezulu.
I-Café Nicholson, e-East 57th Street eManhattan, yaba yimpumelelo enkulu.
Lewis wenza konke ukupheka. Izitsha zakhe zazilula ukudla okunomsoco waseNingizimu kodwa i-café yakhanga ubuso obuningi obudumile njengoTennessee Williams, Truman Capote, uRichard Avedon, uGloria Vanderbilt, uMarlene Dietrich noDiana Vreeland. U-Lewis wahlala nale ndawo yokudlela kuze kufike ngo-1954. UCafé Nicholson wathengiswa ngo-1999 waya kumphathi uPatrick Woodside.
Umsebenzi wokuCulinary
U-Lewis waphila futhi wasebenza eSahluel Hill, eNyakatho Carolina; Charleston, eNingizimu Carolina; Decatur, Georgia (indawo yokugcina yokuhlala). Ufundise amakilasi okupheka, kokubili ngokusemthethweni nangokuzikhandla. Ukufundisa kwakhe kanye nezincwadi zokupheka kuye kwaba nomthelela futhi waphefumulela abapheki abaningi abasha. U-Lewis washiya umhlalaphansi njengompheki ngo-1992. Umsebenzi wakhe wokupheka wokugcina wawuseGage & Tollner yaseBrooklyn lapho engumpheki iminyaka emine.
Maphakathi nawo-1990, uLee kanye neqembu labangani bakhe baqala iNhlangano Yezokuvuselela Nokulondoloza Ukudla KweSouth.
Umbhali we-Cookbook
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye, uL Lewis waphula umlenze wakhe futhi waphoqeleka ukuba ayeke ukupheka umsebenzi okwesikhashana. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, wanquma ukubhala ezinye zokupheka zakhe. Umphumela waba ngu-Edna Lewis Cookbook. Iconic izibalo Culinary James Beard noMKF
UFisher udumisa le ncwadi. Ibhuku lakhe elilandelanayo elilandelanayo, I-Taste of Country Cooking (1976), kwakungenye yezincwadi zokupheka zokuqala zowesifazane wase-Afrika-waseMelika ukuze afinyelele izilaleli ezizweni lonke futhi kuthiwa uvuselela isithakazelo ekuphekeni kwangempela kwaseNingizimu.
Izincwadi zika-Edna Lewis ziningi izimemo zomuntu siqu njengoba ziqoqwa zokupheka. Iqukethe imlando emangalisayo yokudla kwaseNingizimu kanye nokubukeka ekuphileni kwasezindaweni zasemakhaya kusukela ebuntwaneni bakhe. Izincwadi zakhe zigcwele amathiphu atholakalayo kusukela ekuphekeni konke okuphila. Isahluko sika-Edna sokuphayona ngokudla okusha kanye nenkathi engakapheli isikhathi sokuvuswa kwe- American cultinary .
Amanothi angeziwe
U-Edna Lewis washada noSteve Kingston, owashona ngawo-1970. Babenendodana eyodwa yokutholwa (isizwe sase-Afrika), uDkt. Afeworki Paulos.
Ngo-February 13, 2006, u-Edna Lewis washona eneminyaka engu-89 ubudala emzini wakhe eDecatur, eGeorgia.
Imiklomelo nama-Accolades
1986 - Ubizwa ngokuthi ubani obizwa nge-American Cooking by Cook's Magazine
1990 - Umklomelo we-Lifetime Achievement Award (I-International Assoc of Professional Culinary Professionals)
1995 - Umklomelo we-James Beard Living Legend (umklomelo wabo wokuqala).
1999 - Igama elithi Grande Dame elibizwa ngeLes Dames d'Escoffier, inhlangano yamazwe ngamazwe ochwepheshe bezocucuza.
1999 - Award Achievement Award evela eSouth Foodways Alliance (SFA) (Umvuzo wabo wokuqala.)
2002 - Umklomelo weMengameli weBarbara Tropp (WCR - Women Chefs & Restaurateurs)
2003 - Ingeniswe kwiCuisineAid Cookbook Hall of Fame (uJames Beard)
2004 - Isipho Sokupheka Esibhakabhakeni sikhethwe umklomelo weJames Beard kanye ne-IACP Award
Cookbooks
I-Edna Lewis Cookbook (Ecco 1989) (Ngaphandle Kokuphrinta)
Ukudla Ukupheka Kwezwe (Knopf 1976)
Ekuphishekeleni I-Flavour (Knopf 1988)
Isipho Sokupheka KwaseNingizimu (ngeScott Peacock) (isiNgisi 2003)