Umlando we-German Beer Purity Law
Ngaphezu kwalokho, sifisa ukugcizelela ukuthi esikhathini esizayo kuwo wonke amadolobha, ezimakethe nasezweni, izithako kuphela ezisetshenziselwa ukuphuza ubhiya kufanele kube yiBhali, amaHops namanzi.
- UMthetho We-Purity waseJalimane (1516)
Kusukela ngekhulu leshumi le-16, sesazi ubhiya ukuthi luqukethe izithako ezintathu eziyinhloko: okusanhlamvu, ama-hops kanye namanzi lapho zonke izitayela zebhiya zithathwe ngokuhlukahluka kwezilinganiso eziphakathi kwalezi zakhi ezintathu kanye nezinqubo ezenziwa ngazo futhi zivutshe.
Futhi ngo-Ephreli 23, 1516, ngokunciphisa 'okusanhlamvu' okusho okusanhlamvu kwebhali, le ncazelo yobhiya yasungulwa yiBavarian Duke Wilhelm IV e-Ingolstadt enqumweni eyabekwa yi-Assembly of Estates ezokwaziwa ngokuthi yiReinheitsgebot, noma uMthetho we-Purity waseJalimane. Lokhu kuze kube yilapho umnikelo wemvubelo ekusetshenzisweni kokuvotela ubhiya kutholakala ngasekupheleni kwawo-1860 nguLouis Pasteur ukuthi incazelo ehlelekile yobhiya yaziwa ngokuthi iqukethe izithako ezine eziyinhloko: okusanhlamvu, ama-hops, amanzi kanye nemvubelo.
Umphumela we-German Pure Law wukuthi bonke abaqaphi baseJalimane babevela ngaleso sikhathi bevinjelwe ekusebenziseni okusanhlamvu njengokolweni kanye ne-rye okwakufanelekile ukupheka isinkwa kunebhali. Ngakho-ke ngenkathi uMthetho we-Purity waseJalimane uvikela ubhiya ngokumelene nokwengezwa kwezindlela ezishibhile noma ezingezansi kanye nezigulane ezingaphephile ngaphandle kwezimbongolo ezingathinteka ikhwalithi yebhizinisi laseJalimane, umthetho wawusungulwe njengesivikelo emncintiswaneni wama-brewers waseJalimane wokudla okusanhlamvu kungabe kungasetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwesinkwa.
Kwakukhona futhi ukunambitheka kokuvikela eMthethweni Wokuhlanzeka lapho iziningi zamabhiya angaphandle azizange zihlangabezane nezindinganiso ebekwe ngumthetho ngakho zavinjelwa ukungeniswa. Esinye isiphumo esibi seReinheitsgebot kwakuwukuthi izithelo eziningi zendawo noma izinyosi ezifakwe emanzini okhethiwe nazo zahunyushwa ngokungekho emthethweni, ukuphoqelela ababheki ukuba bahambisane nesitayela saseBavaria.
Imithetho Yama-Purity yaseJalimane ne-Bavarian
Ekhulwini le-19 ukuhlukana phakathi kweJalimane elisenyakatho kanye nezinguqulo zase-Bavarian zaseningizimu yeReinheitsgebot zaqala. Ngomnyaka we-1873 ukusetjenziswa kwamatshintshi webhali elingamalitha kwamkelwa ngokomthetho yi-German Imperial Law. Lokhu kwakusho ukuthi abantu abasebenzisa i-malt efana nelayisi (ejwayelekile kuma-lagers amaningi anamuhla), isitashi sezambane, ushukela owengeziwe kanye nezinye izinhlayiya zaba izithako ezingakhokhiswa futhi ezivunyelwe ezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho zaseJalimane.
Ukuguquguquka komthetho waseBavaria we-Pure Law kwakuyinkimbinkimbi yokuhumusha kanti njengoba iBavaria yayisenkonzweni yokujoyina iRiphablikhi ye-Weimar ngo-1919 emva kweMpi Yezwe I, isimo sokufakwa kwabo kwakuwukuthi uMthetho Wokuhlanzeka wawuzohlala unomthelela njengoba wawunjalo ngaphambilini . Ngakho-ke kuyaphazamisa ukuthi u-Weissbier (isitayela sebhiya ephulwa ngotshani ngaphezu kwebhali elingenalutho) senziwa eBavaria, nakuba kungenakho imali enkulu. Iqembu laseBavaria elibusayo lalisithanda isitayela futhi lagunyaza ubhiya olulodwa ukukhiqiza isitayela seBavaria manje esaziwa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi kuyaphazamisa ukuthi u-Weissbier (isitayela sebhiya ephulwa ngotshani ngaphezu kwebhali elingenalutho) eBavaria, nakuba kungenakho imali enkulu.
Iqembu elibusayo laseBavaria laliyithanda isitayela futhi ligunyaza i-brewery eyodwa ukukhiqiza isitayela esivela kakhulu eBavaria.
Reinheitsgebot kuLusuku Lwanamuhla
U-Reinheitsgebot wahlala esebenza ngendlela ehlukahlukene kwaze kwaba ngo-1987 lapho izinkantolo zaseYurophu zaseNkantolo Zomthetho zitshela umthetho wokungabikho kwemingcele yokuhweba yamahhala. Ngemva kokuchithwa yiNkantolo ZaseYurophu, iReinheitsgebot yatshitshiswa yi-Lawrence German Beer Law Act (isixhumanisi ngesiJalimane) ngo-1993.
Kodwa ngisho nemikhawulo yembewu yokusanhlamvu ephakanyisiwe futhi inkululeko yokufaka ezinye izithako kubhiya bazo, phakathi nemakethe eyanciphayo, abaningi abaqashi baseJalimane baye bakhetha ukuhlala ngaphansi kweReinheitsgebot, iningi elikhulu elisazokhangisa ngokunamathela eMthethweni We-Purity ("iGebraut nach dem Reinheitsgebot ") ngenjongo yokuthengisa njengophawu lwekhwalithi.